Browsing by Author "Biricik, Hakan"
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Item Besi sığırlarının bitirme dönemi rasyonlarında pirinç kepeğinin kullanım olanakları(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2015-11-30) Meral, Yavuz; Biricik, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.Bu araştırma, besi sığırlarının bitirme dönemi rasyonlarındaki mısırın, belirli oranlarda pirinç kepeği ile ikamesi sonucu, besi performansı, bazı kan ve karkas parametreleri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada hayvan materyali olarak 44 baş erkek Holstein ırkı sığır kullanılmıştır. Hayvanlar canlı ağırlıklarına göre 4 farklı gruba ayrılarak, farklı düzeylerde pirinç kepeği içeren rasyonlar ile beslenmişlerdir. Kontrol grubundaki hayvanlara verilen rasyonlar pirinç kepeği içermezken, Pirinç 1 (P1), Pirinç 2 (P2) ve Pirinç 3 (P3) gruplarındaki hayvanlara verilen rasyonlarda bulunan mısır sırasıyla %12.74, %21.20 ve %30.29 miktarlarında pirinç kepeği ile ikame edilmiştir. Araştırma boyunca düzenli olarak kaydedilen yem tüketimi, 0, 30, 66 ve 95. günlerde belirlenen canlı ağırlık ölçümleri ve bu parametrelerden elde edilen yemden yararlanma oranları ile denemenin 0, 66 ve 95. günlerinde ultrason yardımıyla alınan görüntülerin analizleri sonucunda da kontrol ve deneme grupları arasında deri altı yağ kalınlığı, M. Longissimus dorsi derinliği, ve 95. günde kas içi yağ dağılımı parametreleri bakımından önemli farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (P>0.05). Aynı tarihlerde araştırma hayvanlarından alınan kan örneklerinde gerçekleştirilen analizlerin sonucunda; serum glikoz, alkalin fosfataz, büyüme hormonu, insülin benzeri büyüme faktörü-I, leptin, triiyodotironin düzeyleri bakımından kontrol ve deneme grupları arasında önemli düzeyde fark saptanamamıştır (P>0.05). Araştırmanın 95. gününde kan üre nitrojeni, serum konjuge linoleik asit ve tiroid stimülan hormon, 66. ve 95. günlerinde ise serum aspartat aminotransferaz düzeyleri bakımından araştırma grupları arasında önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). Bu araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, bitirme döneminde bulunan besi sığırlarının rasyonlarındaki mısır, besi performansı ve ultrason ile belirlenen karkas parametreleri olumsuz yönde etkilenmeksizin %30.29 düzeyine kadar pirinç kepeği ile ikame edilebilmektedir.Item Bıldırcınlarda nar kabuğu ekstraktı ile prebiyotiğin birlikte kullanılmasının besi performansı ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkileri(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-01-17) Kubad, Evrim; Biricik, Hakan; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9900-608XBu araştırmanın amacı; bıldırcın rasyonlarında prebiyotik (1 g/kg) ile nar kabuğu ekstraktının düşük (% 7,5 mg/kg) ve yüksek (% 17,5 mg/kg) dozlarının ayrı ayrı ve prebiyotik ile birlikte kullanımının; performans parametreleri (Canlı Ağırlık; CA, Canlı Ağırlık Artışı; CAA, Yem Tüketimi; YT, Yemden Yararlanma Oranı; YYO sıcak-soğuk karkas ağırlığı ve randımanları), et kalitesi (göğüs ve but etinin L*, a*, b*ve pH değerleri), kan serumundaki bazı antioksidan enzimlerin aktivitesi (Süperoksit Dismutaz; SOD ve Toplam Antioksidan Kapasitesi; TAK), karaciğer yağlanması ve hidropik dejenerasyon, ince bağırsak villus yüksekliği (VY), kript derinliği (KD), villus yüksekliği/kript derinliği (VY/KD), villus genişliği (VG) üzerindeki etkilerini saptamaktır. Toplam 240 adet kuluçkadan yeni çıkmış bıldırcın kullanılmıştır. Bıldırcınlar, CA’ları (7,68 ± 0,63) ve cinsiyetleri yönünden eşit şekilde altı gruba dağıtılmıştır. Rasyonlar; 0 (Kontrol), 1 mg/kg prebiyotik (Pr), 7,5 mg/kg nar kabuğu ekstraktı (NKE1), 7,5 mg/kg nar kabuğu ekstraktı + 1 g/kg prebiyotik (NKE1+Pr), 17,5 mg/kg nar kabuğu ekstraktı (NKE2) ve 17,5 mg nar kabuğu ekstraktı/kg + 1 g/kg prebiyotik (NKE2+Pr) katılmıştır. Bıldırcınlar, 7’şer gün aralıklarla tartılmıştır; en yüksek CA değeri; NKE1’de, en yüksek YT;, K’de, en iyi YYO, NKE2+Pr’de gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). But etinin a* ve b* değerleri, NKE2+Pr’de yüksek, en düşük göğüs eti pH değeri NKE1, en yüksek TAK değeri ise NKE2’de gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). Karaciğer yağlanması en az NKE1’de, VY en yüksek NKE2’de, KD en düşük NKE2+Pr’de, VY/KD ve VG değerleri ise en yüksek NKE2+Pr’de olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak bıldırcın rasyonlarına ilave edilen 17,5 mg/kg dozunda NKE’nin; performans parametreleri, et kalitesi, kan serumu TAK değeri, karaciğer-bağırsak histomorfolojisini olumlu yönde etkilemiştir.Item Broyler yemlerine katılan roksarson - metiklorpindol kombinasyonunun besi performansı üzerine etkisinin araştırılması(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1999-05-24) Eren, Mustafa; Deniz, Gülay; Biricik, Hakan; Gezen, Ş. Şule; Türkmen, İ. İsmet; Yavuz, H. Melih; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.Bu çalışmanın amacı, broyler yemlerine metiklorpindol ile kombine olarak katılan roksarsonun canlı ağırlık kazancı, yemden yararlanma ve karkas randımanı üzerine etkilerinin metiklorpindolun etkileriyle karşılaştırmaktır. Denemede toplam 210 adet, günlük Avian Farms broyler erkek civciv kullanılmış ve civcivler Grup 1, Grup 2, Grup 3 şeklinde 3 ana gruba ayrılmışlardır. Ayrıca ana grupların her biri eşit sayıda hayvan içeren beş tekrar grubuna ayrılmıştır. Araştırma 39 gün sürdürülmüş, bütün gruplara ilk üç hafta izokalorik ve izonitrojenik olarak hazırlanmış broyler civciv başlangıç yemi, daha sonraki haftalarda ise broyler piliç geliştirme yemi ad libitum olarak yedirilmiştir. Grup 1(MET), 2(ROK) ve 3(MET+ROK) için hazırlanan yemlere sırasıyla 125 mg/kg metiklorpindol, 45.4 mg/kg 3-nitro-4-hidroksifenilarsonik asit (roksarson) ve 45.4 mg/kg 3 nitro-4-hidroksifenilarsonik asit (rokarson) + 125 mg kg metiklorpindol katılmıştır. Araştırmanın 14. gününde ROK grubunun ortalama canlı ağırlık artışı MET+ROK grubundan, yemden yararlanma oranı ise MET ile MET+ROK gruplarından önemli derecede (P<0.05) daha iyi bulunmuştur. Denemenin sonunda grupların canlı ağırlık artışı, yemden yararlanma oranı, yem tüketim miktarı ve karkas randımanı değerleri arasında istatistiki öneme sahip bir farklılık saptanmamıştır.Item Broyler yemlerine zink basitrasin, probiyotik ve mannanoligosakkaritleri katkısınn besi performansı üzerine etkileri(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1999-06-01) Eren, Mustafa; Deniz, Gülay; Biricik, Hakan; Gezen, Ş. Şule; Türkmen, İ. İsmet; Yavuz, H. Melih; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.Bu çalışmanın amacı, broyler yemlerine katılan zink basitrasin, probiyotik ve mannanoligosakkaritlerinin canlı ağırlık kazancı, yemden yararlanma ve karkas randımanı üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Denemede toplam 280 adet günlük yaşta Avian Farms broyler erkek civciv kullanılmış ve civcivler Kontrol, Mannanoligosakkaritleri (MO), Zink Basitrasin (ZB) ve Probiyotik (P) olarak dört gruba ayrılmışlardır. Ayrıca, bu grupların her biri eşit sayıda hayvan içeren beş tekrar grubuna ayrılmıştır. Deneme 39 gün sürdürülmüş, bütün gruplardaki hayvanlara ilk üç hafta izokalorik ve izonitrojenik broyler başlangıç, daha sonraki haftalarda ise yine izokalorik ve izonitrojenik broyler geliştirme yemleri ad libitum olarak yedirilmiştir. Kontrol grubundan farklı olarak, MO grubunun yemlerine 1g/kg yem dozunda mannanoligosakkaritleri (Bio-Mos"), ZB grubunun yemlerine ise 50mg kg yem dozunda zink basitrasin (Albac") katkısı yapılmıştır. İlk üç hafta, P grubunun yemlerine probiyotik (Primalac: Lactobacillus acidophilus 4.52x10$ cfu g, Lactobacillus casei 1.32x108 cfu g'. Streptococcus faecium 2.8x10$ cfu g'. Bifidobacterium thermophilus 1.36x10$ cfu g*') katkısı yapılmazken içme sularına 0.114gL dozunda probiyotik katılmıştır. Dördüncü haftadan sonra probiyotik katkısı, P grubunun içme sularından kaldırılarak geliştirme yemlerine 1 g/kg yem dozunda yapılmıştır. On dördüncü ve 28. günler ile denemenin sonunda grupların canlı ağırlık kazancı, yemden yararlanma oranı, yem tüketimi miktarı ve karkas randımanı ortalama değerleri arasındaki farklar istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmamıştır.Item Buzağılarda (0-2 aylık) biberiye uçucu yağının yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanım olanakları(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2023-12-21) Bıyık, Firdevs; Biricik, Hakan; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-3451-8521Bu araştırmanın amacı; 0-2 aylık buzağılarda Rosmarinus officinalis esansiyel yağının büyüme performansı, rumen ve dışkı parametreleri ile kan metabolitleri üzerine olan etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmada toplam 42 baş buzağı, cinsiyet ve doğum ağırlıkları gözetilerek bir kontrol ve 3 deneme grubu olmak üzere toplam 4 ana gruba ayrılmıştır. Buzağılar süt ikame yemi, buzağı başlangıç yemi ve yonca kuru otu ile beslenmişlerdir. Buzağılara süt ikame yemi içinde sırasıyla 0 (KG), 500 (DG1), 1000(DG2) ve 2000 (DG3) mg/gün biberiye esansiyel yağı verilmiştir. Buzağıların yem tüketimleri günlük olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm buzağılar, 3., 28. ve 56. Günlerde tartılmışlardır. Ayrıca, 28 ile 56. günlerde buzağılardan kan numuneleri alınmıştır. Çalışmanın 56. gününde ise buzağılardan dışkı numunesi ve rumen içeriği alınmıştır. Çalışma sonunda toplam canlı ağırlık artışları KG’de 19,33 kg; DG1’de 25,55 kg; DG2’de25,27 kg; DG3’te ise 22,60 kg olarak bulunmuştur (P˂0,05). Biberiye esansiyel yağı katkısı kuru madde tüketimini, buzağı başlangıç yemi tüketimini ve yemden yararlanma oranını arttırmıştır (P˂0,05). Biberiye esansiyel yağı rumen pH’sı, dışkı pH’sı ve dış kıskorunu etkilememiştir. Rumen amonyak azotu en yüksek DG1’de, en düşük DG3’te ölçülmüştür (P˂0,05). Rumen total uçucu yağ asidi konsantrasyonu DG1’de, KG ve DG3’e göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P˂0,05). DG2 ve DG3’te 56. gün total kolesterol seviyesi en düşük ölçülmüştür (P˂0,05). Biberiye esansiyel yağı kan immunoglobulin G, ghrelin, BHBA, glikoz seviyelerini arttırmıştır (P˂0,05). Farklı dozlarda biberiye esansiyel yağı katkısının buzağılarda canlı ağırlık artışını, kuru madde ve yem tüketimini, yemden yararlanma oranını, rumen fermentasyonunu, IgG ve ghrelin seviyelerini olumlu bir şekilde etkileyebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.Item Effect of a rosemary and oregano volatile oil mixture on performance, lipid oxidation of meat and haematological parameters in pharaoh quails(Taylor & Francis, 2012) Bülbül, Tuba; Yeşilbaǧ, Derya; Gezen, Şerife Şule; Biricik, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0708-3833; B-1526-2018; AAH-4032-2021; AAK-5370-2020; 9246817500; 9239300200; 66029821111. This study was conducted to determine the utility of a volatile oil (VO) mixture in quail diets as a natural growth promoter. Different levels of VO mixtures, derived from rosemary and oregano, were added to a basal diet to determine the effects of the mixture on live weight (LW), live weight gain (LWG), feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcase yield (CY), lipid oxidation level in thigh meat samples, and blood constituents. 2. A total of 880 one-day-old Pharaoh (Coturnix coturnix Pharaoh) quails, including both males and females, were divided into 4 groups containing 220 quails and treated as follows: (1) a control treatment with 0mg VO/kg of diet; (2) 100 mg/kg rosemary VO plus 100 mg/kg oregano VO (50:50%); (3) 140 mg/kg oregano VO plus 60 mg/kg rosemary VO (70:30%); and (4) 60 mg/kg oregano VO plus 140 mg/kg rosemary VO (30:70%). The diets were prepared fresh for each treatment. The experiment was carried out for 42 d. 3. The results of the study showed that the highest concentration of rosemary oil (140 mg/kg) caused a significant increase in live weight, live weight gain and carcase yields during the growing and finishing periods. However, feed intake and FCR were not significantly influenced by treatments. 4. The quails fed with rations containing the VO mixture derived from rosemary and oregano had reduced thiobarbituric acid levels (TBA) in raw breast meat samples at different storage times. There is possibly a synergistic effect between oregano and rosemary volatile oils in preventing lipid oxidation in stored meat. 5. In this study, the haemoglobin (PCV) and haematocrit values and the heterophile/lympohocyte (H/L) ratio increased in the blood samples taken from Treatment 2. 6. In conclusion, a volatile oil containing a mixture of rosemary and oregano oils could be a potential natural growth promoter for quails, depending on the plants from which the VOs were extracted, the dosage and the synergetic effects of the mixture.Item The effect of bacterial inoculants on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2007-08) Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Biricik, Hakan; Deniz, Gülay; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; JDK-5885-2023; AAH-4032-2021; ISX-0239-2023; 6701855392; 6602982111; 8849978100Item The effect of clinoptilolite in low calcium diets on performance and eggshell quality parameters of aged hens(Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Society, 2009-09) Gezen, Şerife Şule; Eren, Mustafa; Balcı, Faruk; Deniz, Gülay; Biricik, Hakan; Bozan, Birgül; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0708-3833; AAC-5057-2020; AAH-4032-2021; B-1526-2018; 9239300200; 35620168300; 16062981700; 56186472300; 6602982111; 15753454400Ninety six beak-trimmed 72 week-old Lohmann Brown hens were randomly divided into four equal groups. Each group comprised 4 replicates. Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous experimental diets contained low calcium (3.5%); optimum calcium (4.2%); low Ca (3.5% Ca)+1% Clinoptilolite (CLP); low Ca (3.5% Ca)+2% CLP. Data were collected biweekly and the experiment lasted 6 weeks. Egg production, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, tibia Ca, P, ash and eggshell thickness were not affected by addition of CLP to the diets (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in egg shell strength and ash when data were analyzed individually in measurement periods (74th, 76th and 78th weeks). However, according to pooled data (74th-78th weeks), eggshell strength was increased (p<0.05) only by 2% CLP supplementation versus low Ca (3.5%) diet, and shell ash was significantly increased by 2% CLP supplementation compared with the other diets. The damaged egg ratio on 1% and 2% CLP diets was significantly decreased between 76-78 weeks’ data when compared with the low Ca diet. However; damaged egg ratio on the 2% CLP diet was significantly decreased when pooled data (74-78) were compared with no CLP diets. The differences in marketable egg ratio paralleled damaged egg ratio. The plasma calcium level at the end of experiment was increased on the 2% CLP diet when compared with the low Ca (3.5%) diet (p<0.05). Furthermore, at the end of the experiment a marked decrease of manure moisture was observed on both CLP diets (p<0.01). In conclusion, Clinoptilolite (2%) supplementation to layer diets tends to improve eggshell quality and manure dry matter (1% and 2% CLP) after six weeks.Item The effect of dry corn gluten feed on chewing activities and rumen parameters in lactating dairy cows(Taylor & Francis, 2006-12-07) Biricik, Hakan; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Bozan, Birgül; Gülmez, Bülent Haluk; Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; HJZ-4775-2023; AAH-4032-2021; 6602982111; 15753357900; 15753454400; 15753226300; 6701855392The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of dry corn gluten feed (DCGF) on dry matter intake (DMI), chewing activity, and rumen fermentation when used to replace a portion of corn silage in diets for lactating Holstein cows. Eight lactating Holstein primiparous cows averaging 98 +/- 20 d in milk and weighing 515 +/- 20 kg were randomly assigned in a 4x4 Latin square design with 4 week periods. Dietary treatments were 1) a control diets (C) of 50% forage (corn silage and wheat straw, 35%, 15% DM basis, respectively), 2) a low DCGF diet (L-DCGF) in which 10% of the same corn silage was replaced by DCGF, 3) a medium DCGF diet (M-DCGF) in which 18% of the same corn silage was replaced by DCGF, and 4) a high DCGF diet (H-DCGF) in which 25% of the same corn silage was replaced by DCGF. The proportion of particles retained on the 19.0 mm screen and physical effectiveness factor of the H-DCGF was lower (P<0.05) than in the other groups. Increasing the level of DCGF did not change DMI. Cows fed the C diet spent significantly more time ruminating and chewing per day compared with the M-DCGF and H-DCGF diets (483.88, 435.63, 431.25 min/d, P<0.05; and 818.38, 753.00, 745.75 min/d respectively, P<0.05). Cows fed the C diet had ruminal pH values higher than the cows fed the M-DCGF and H-DCGF diets (6.02, 5.95, and 5.91, P<0.05). The total volatile fatty acid and propionate levels of H-DCGF fed cows were higher than the control (P<0.05). The changes in acetate (A) and propionate (P) concentrations resulted in a decrease in A/P ratio, when corn silage was replaced by DCGF, which led to a reduction in the particle size of the diets (P<0.05). It was concluded that when ratio 18 and 25% DCGF were substituted for corn silage, rumination time, chewing activities and ruminal pH are negatively affected. The optimum level for the addition of DCGF was found to be below 18% of the diet for a healthy rumen and a chewing behaviour in dairy cows.Item The effect of feeding non-forage cellulose sources on blood biochemical parameters in dairy cows(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2008-05) Polat, Ümit; Biricik, Hakan; Türkmen, İbrahim Samet; Güzel, Saime; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0796-5000; DKY-6022-2022; AAH-4032-2021; JDK-5885-2023; AAH-4275-2021; 56235316900; 6602982111; 6701855392; 55460886200This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of partial replacement of forage with nonforage cellulose sources on biochemical blood parameters in dairy cows.Item Effect of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) oil on performance, egg quality, some biochemical values and hatchability in laying quails(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2014) Bülbül, Aziz; Ulutaş, Elmas; Bülbül, Tuba; Yeşilbağ, Derya; Biricik, Hakan; Cengiz, Şerife Şule; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0708-3833; AAH-4032-2021; AAK-5370-2020; B-1526-2018The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of myrtle (Mytrus communis L.) oil when added to the diet of laying quails on performance, egg quality, some biochemical values and hatchability. A total of 375 quails (250 females and 125 males; Coturnix coturnix japonica), aged eight weeks old, were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (five replicates of ten females and five males). The birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with myrtle oil at a dose of 500, 1000, 2000 or 5000 mg/kg feed. The experiment was conducted for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, no significant differences were found among the groups in terms of initial live weight, feed consumption, egg weight, egg quality (fracture strength, haugh unit, shape index, yolk index, albumen index), serum biochemical values, hatchability, early embryonic death, late embryonic death and submembranous death. After 8 weeks, egg production was decreased (p< 0.01), whereas feed conversion rate (FCR) was increased (p< 0.05) in birds with a diet supplementation with myrtle oil doses of 5000 mg/kg. Eggshell thickness was decreased (p< 0.05) of groups receiving myrtle oil doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg. Yolk color index was affected positively by addition of myrtle oil (p< 0.001). Hatch performance was highest of the groups with diet supplemented with mytrle oil doses of 1000 mg/kg, whereas it was lowest of the groups received 5000 mg/kg mytrle oil (p< 0.01). The addition of myrtle oil to the diets caused significantly decrease in serum total cholesterol (p< 0.01), Ca (p< 0.01) and Malondialdehyde (MDA; p< 0.001) while determined significantly increase in blood urea (p< 0.001) and serum beta-carotene (p< 0.001) concentrations. Serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) was increased (p< 0.001) a dose of 5000 mg/kg, whereas albumin concentration decreased (p< 0.01). Egg yolk MDA concentration was decreased (p< 0.01) in all groups that received myrtle oil supplementation in their diets on days 15th and 30rd of storage (p< 0.001). In conclusion, mytrle oil supplementation was changed laying performance and biochemical values in laying quails depending on supplemented quantity and duration. It is recommended to supplement diets with 1000 mg/kg mytrle oil as egg production, egg quality, yolk MDA concentrations and hatching parameters were taken into consideration.Item The effect of partial replacement of corn silage on rumen degradability, milk production and composition in lactating primiparous dairy cows(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2006-11-17) Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Deniz, Gülay; Biricik, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-7051-1349; HJZ-4775-2023; AAH-4032-2021; 15753357900; 6701855392; 8849978100; 6602982111The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of corn silage with long alfalfa hay and/or coarse chopped wheat straw on neutral detergent fibre (NDF) rumen degradability, milk yield and composition in late lactating dairy cows fed diets with 50% forage on dry matter basis. Twelve late lactating Holstein primiparous cows including four cows equipped with a rumen cannula, averaging 210 +/- 20 d in milk and weighing 575 +/- 50 kg were randomly assigned in a 4x4 Latin square design. During each of four 21-d periods, cows were fed 4 total mixed diets that were varied in the forage sources: 1) 50% corn silage (CS), 2) 35% corn silage + 15% wheat straw (CSW), 3) 35% corn silage + 15% alfalfa hay (CSA), 4) 25% corn silage + 10% wheat straw + 15% alfalfa hay (CSWA). The production of milk averaged 18.55, 20.41 and 20.06 kg/d for unadjusted milk production, 4% fat corrected milk and solid corrected milk, respectively, and was not affected by treatments. Likewise, milk composition or production of milk components was not affected by diets and averaged 4.69% fat, 3.66% protein, 4.51% lactose, 866 g/d fat, 665 g/d protein, 824 g/d lactose. Treatments had no effect on in situ NDF soluble, degradable and potential degradability of all diets, whereas the effective degradability (ED) of NDF was greater for cows fed CS diet than for cows fed CSW, CSA and CSWA diets (P<0.05). These values suggested that the partial replacement of corn silage with alfalfa hay and/or wheat straw has no unfavourable effect on the productive parameters.Item The effect of saccharomyces cerevisiae on in vitro rumen digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre of different forage: concenrate ratios in diets(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2001-07-03) Biricik, Hakan; Türkmen, İ. İsmet; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae viable yeast culture (Yea-Sacc1026,5x109 organisms/g) into diets having different forage: concentrate ratio on the in vitro rumen dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities. In this research, four cannulated sheep were used in 4x4 latin square design and fed on 70 % alfalfa hay + 30 % concentrate (Diet I), 70 % alfalfa hay + 30 % concentrate + 4 g Yea-Sacc1026 (Diet II), 30 % alfalfa hay + 70 % concentrate + 4 g Yea-Sacc1026 (Diet III) and 30 % alfalfa hay + 70 % concentrate (Diet IV) respectively. The duration of each experimental period was 20 days. On the 20th day, rumen digesta was collected from sheep for in vitro incubation 2 h after morning feeding. At the end of experiment, supplementation of yeast culture on high forage ration significantly increased the in vitro rumen dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities (P<0,001), while did not affect on high concentrate ration.Item The effect of starch sources with different degradability rates on milk production and composition in lactating cows(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Gulmez, Bulent Haluk; Gencoglu, Hidir; Biricik, Hakan; Deniz, Gulay; Kara, Çağdaş; Balci, Faruk; Turkmen, Ibrahim Ismet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of starch sources with different degradability rates on chewing activities, milk production and composition of lactating dairy cows. Twelve lactating Holstein cows were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design and fed with diets containing different rates of corn and wheat. The diets were: 1) 26.20% corn based diet (CBD), 2) 16.10% corn and 7.09% wheat based diet (CWBD), 3) 16.51% wheat and 7.26% corn based diet (WCBD), or 4) 25.88% wheat based diet (WBD). The eating, ruminating and total chewing time were not affected by the treatments and time spent total chewing time ranged from 761 to 801 min/d. Cows fed with CBD higher milk production, fat, protein and lactose yield than did cows fed with WCBD and WBD (P<0.05). The fat, protein, and lactose yield were greater for cows fed CBD than for cows fed WBD due to cows fed CBD produce more milk yield compared with cows fed WBD (P<0.05). The milk fat percentages ranged from 3.89 to 4.18%, protein percentages ranged from 3.38 to 3.52%, and lactose percentages ranged from 4.86 to 4.93%, and were not affected by dietary treatments. These results showed that milk production and milk yield compositions were increased by replacing wheat with ground corn.Item Effect of supplemental yeast culture on blood parameters(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2004-11) Galip, Nurten; Aydın, Cenk; Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Yalçın, Murat; Biricik, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Fi̇zyoloji̇ Anabi̇li̇m Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabi̇li̇m Dalı.; 0000-0002-5600-8162; AAH-4032-2021; AAG-6956-2021; 6603186991; 7005426982; 6701855392; 57192959734; 6602982111The uses of supplemental yeast cultures (YC) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae are attractive as a basic nutrient source by a number of features: rich vitamins, enzymes, nutrients and other important co-factors (Dawson, 2002). Most of the studies were carried out on the effects of YC on the performance of ruminants and ruminal fermentation (Dawson, loc. cit.), but no comparative studies are available on the effect of YC on blood parameters of ruminants fed different levels of forage : concentrate feed ratios. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effects of yeast supplementation on i) haematopoiesis or haematological indices, ii) blood serum total protein, urea, cholesterol, creatinine, albumin, globulin levels, iii) minerals, iv) clinical enzymes in yearling Kivircik sheep fed different levels of forage : concentrate ratio.Publication Effects of a short-term supplementation with liquid oligofructose-enriched inulin on faecal characteristics and selected serum metabolites of healthy saanen kids(Kafkas Üniversitesi, 2015-09-01) Kara, Cağdaş; Meral, Yavuz; Yibar, Artun; Biricik, Hakan; Orman, Abdulkadir; Deniz, Gülay; Yeşilbağ, Derya; Çetin, İsmail; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Türkmen, İsmet; KARA, ÇAĞDAŞ; Meral, Yavuz; YIBAR, ARTUN; BİRİCİK, HAKAN; ORMAN, ABDÜLKADİR; DENİZ, GÜLAY; YEŞİLBAĞ, DERYA; ÇETİN, İSMAİL; GENÇOĞLU, HIDIR; TÜRKMEN, İBRAHİM İSMET; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Gıda Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-7051-1349; 0000-0001-9138-4422; AAH-4032-2021; ABE-9200-2022; AAG-9134-2021; AAK-5370-2020; HJZ-4775-2023; FFA-7187-2022; DGQ-7149-2022; ISX-0239-2023; JIM-4044-2023; EDZ-7334-2022The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a short-term supplementation with liquid oligofructose-enriched inulin on faecal characteristics and selected serum metabolites of healthy Saanen kids. Twenty-four kids (44 days of age) were allotted to a control (CG) or an experimental (EG) group. Each group consisted of 12 kids. Each kid in EG was supplemented with 0.8 and 1.6 g/d of oligofructose-enriched inulin from day 1 to 5 and from day 6 to 15, respectively. Liquid oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation did not affect faecal score and pH (P > 0.05). Faecal acetate, propionate and total SCFA concentrations did not differ (P > 0.05) between CG and EG, whereas faecal butyrate concentration was higher (P< 0.05) in kids supplemented with liquid oligofructose-enriched inulin. Due to trophic and antiinflammatory effects of butyrate, we hypothesize that oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation may be useful to help tissue repair and regeneration, particularly during an intestinal infection. Faecal Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium perfringens concentrations were not affected by oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation (P > 0.05). Daily dose of oligofructose-enriched inulin tended to increase serum glucose concentrations (P < 0.09, P < 0.08). Serum urea and albumin concentrations were similar between groups (P > 0.05). Serum total protein and globulin levels were lower in EG compared with CG (P < 0.05). During the experimental period lasting for 15 days, there were no differences in growth performance parameters between groups (P > 0.05).Item The effects of barley/triticale silage on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs(TÜBİTAK, 2013-11) Demirel, Gülcan; Pekel, Ahmet Yavuz; Ekiz, Bülent; Kocabaǧlı, Neşe; Alp, Müjdat; Biricik, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; AAH-4032-2021; 6602982111This study was conducted to investigate the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs fed barley/triticale silage treated with/without inoculant and enzyme mixture-based diets with similar barley supplementation. Thirty Tahirova x Sakiz crossbred weaned ram lambs (mean body weight: 34 +/- 0.5 kg) were used in this study. Lambs were randomly divided into groups of 3 and fed the respective diets. These 3 diets were: 1) hay grass + barley, 2) triticale/barley silage + barley, and 3) triticale/barley silage with inoculants and enzyme mixture + barley. There were significant differences among groups in daily live weight gain (P < 0.001). Cold carcass weight and dressing percentage based on empty body weight and carcass conformation scores were not significantly different among groups, but fatness scores and proportion of omental and mesenteric fat were significantly affected by diet (P < 0.05). No differences were found in terms of meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values for M. longissimus thoracis muscle. However, silage-fed lambs in both groups had higher shear force values than hay-fed lambs in the current study (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that barley/triticale silages offered with concentrate had no unfavorable effect on lamb performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality.Item The effects of barley/triticale silage on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs(TÜBİTAK, 2013-12) Demirel, Gülcan; Pekel, Ahmet Yavuz; Ekiz, Bülent; Kocabağlı, Neşe; Alp, Müjdat; Biricik, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; AAH-4032-2021; 6602982111This study was conducted to investigate the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs fed barley/triticale silage treated with/without inoculant and enzyme mixture-based diets with similar barley supplementation. Thirty Tahirova x Sakiz crossbred weaned ram lambs (mean body weight: 34 +/- 0.5 kg) were used in this study. Lambs were randomly divided into groups of 3 and fed the respective diets. These 3 diets were: 1) hay grass + barley, 2) triticale/barley silage + barley, and 3) triticale/barley silage with inoculants and enzyme mixture + barley. There were significant differences among groups in daily live weight gain (P < 0.001). Cold carcass weight and dressing percentage based on empty body weight and carcass conformation scores were not significantly different among groups, but fatness scores and proportion of omental and mesenteric fat were significantly affected by diet (P < 0.05). No differences were found in terms of meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values for M. longissimus thoracis muscle. However, silage-fed lambs in both groups had higher shear force values than hay-fed lambs in the current study (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that barley/triticale silages offered with concentrate had no unfavorable effect on lamb performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality.Item The effects of carvacrol and/or thymol on the performance, blood and rumen parameters, and carcass traits of Merino sheep(TÜBİTAK, 2016-04-19) Oral, Hülya Hanoğlu; Taluğ, Ali Mehmet; Biricik, Hakan; Cengiz, Şerife Şule; Koyuncu, Mehmet; Dikmen, Serdal; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0379-7492; 0000-0003-0708-3833; 0000-0002-5611-4993; AAG-8536-2021; B-1526-2018; AAH-4032-2021; A-5731-2018; 6602982111; 56329475100; 16156692300; 8280302600The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of increasing doses of carvacrol (C) and/or thymol (T) on the performance, rumen fermentation, and blood and carcass parameters of Merino sheep. Eighty-four 12-week-old male Merino lambs were randomly assigned to 7 treatment groups. The sheep were fed with the same concentrate mixtures including a control diet, carvacrol 100 mg/kg (C-100), carvacrol 300 mg/kg (C-300), thymol 100 mg/kg (T-100), thymol 300 mg/kg (T-300), carvacrol+ thymol 100 mg/kg (C-50 + T-50), and carvacrol+ thymol 300 mg/kg (C-150 + T-150). The C and/or T supplementation did not affect the feed conversion. The lambs fed with C and/or T diets had higher rumen pH, NH3-N, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) compared to those in the control group. However, essential oil supplementation did not change the molar concentration of VFA. The serum urea and glucose in C and/or T groups were not found significant on days 0, 35, and 70 compared to the control group. Slaughter weights and other carcass parameters were similar between the groups. The effects of C and/or T supplementation on the rumen and production parameters showed limited effects when lambs were fed with the high concentrate diets.Item Effects of dietary myrtle oil (Myrtus communis L.) supplementation on growth performance, meat oxidative stability, meat quality and erythrocyte parameters in quails(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2012-03) Bülbül, Tuba; Biricik, Hakan; Yeşilbaǧ, Derya; Gezen, Şerife Şule; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0708-3833; AAH-4032-2021; B-1526-2018; AAK-5370-2020; 6602982111; 9246817500; 9239300200The aim of this study was to determine the effects of myrtle oil dietary supplementation at four concentrations (500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg/day) for 42 days on growth performance, erythrocyte parameters, meat quality and meat oxidation stability in quails fed with corn-soybean based diets. Whereas the weight growth was significantly delayed since the 14th day in quails receiving the highest dose compared to not supplemented controls, the 2 lowest doses (500 and 1000 mg/kg) have induced significant positive effects. In parallel, food intake was poorly affected and the food efficiency was significantly altered in birds supplemented with 5000 mg/kg/day. No significant effect of myrtle oil supplementation was evidenced on carcass traits, visceral organs, meat pH and sensory qualities. Haematocrit was markedly enhanced in birds supplemented with 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg while the other erythrocyte parameters remained unchanged. Lipid oxidation in meat reflecting by the tissue MDA (malondialdehyde) content was remarkably reduced after 7 and 15 days long storage at 4 degrees C when quails have been supplemented with myrtle oil. These results show that because of its high content in antioxidants, myrtle oil added to diets, mainly at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day, may induce positive effects on growth and strengthen the meat oxidative stability in quails.
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