Browsing by Author "Orman, Abdülkadir"
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Item The assessment of carcass composition of Awassi male lambs by real-time ultrasound at two different live weights(Elsevier, 2008-12) Orman, Abdülkadir; Çalışkan, Gülsüm Ülke; Dikmen, Serdal; Üstüner, Hakan; Oǧan, Mehmet Mustafa; Çalışkan, Çağlar; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0002-4542-315X; 0000-0002-5611-4993; 0000-0002-4341-5842; AAG-9134-2021; H-7709-2013; A-5731-2018; AAG-9127-2021; 24335834100; 24334005700; 8280302600; 16065222700; 24335609900; 23984353800The accuracy of ultrasonography to measure fat thickness (FT) and longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) traits (area, depth and width) in live Awassi male lambs and predict carcass FT and LM traits was studied. Twenty six Awassi male lambs were randomly divided into light (L) (n = 13) and heavy (H) (n = 13) finishing lambs. Slaughter weight of lambs in L and H groups were 40 and 45 kg, respectively. FT and LM traits, cross-sectional area between the 12th and 13th rib were measured using real-time ultrasound in vivo and on the carcass after slaughter. All ultrasound and carcass measurements were the same except live weight (LW) (P<0.001), cold carcass weight (CCW) (P<0.001) and carcass LM width (P < 0.05). Overall, correlation coefficients between ultrasound and carcass FT, LM depth, width and area were 0,79, 0.82 (P< 0.001); 0.60, 0.58 (P 0.05); 0.48, -0.17 (P> 0.05) and 0.89, 0.87 (P< 0.001), respectively, for lambs in L and H groups. The introduction of ultrasound FT and ultrasound LM area as independent variables in addition to LW in the multiple regression equations further improved the variations for carcass FT (84%, 71%), carcass LM area (79%, 79%). CCW (72%, 65%) for lambs in light and heavy groups whereas no improvement was observed for carcass yield. These results indicate that in vivo ultrasound FT and measurement of the LM area in association with LW could be used to estimate carcass FT, carcass LM area and CCW in different LW Awassi lambs.Item The assessment of carcass traits of Awassi lambs by real-time ultrasound at different body weights and sexes(Oxford University Press, 2010-10) Orman, Abdülkadir; Çalışkan, Gülsüm Ülke; Dikmen, Serdal; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Zootekni ve Hayvan Besleme Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Klinik Bilimler Bölümü.; 0000-0002-4542-315X; 0000-0002-5611-4993; 0000-0001-9138-4422; H-7709-2013; A-5731-2018; AAG-9134-2021; 24335834100; 24334005700; 8280302600The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography to measure subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and LM traits (area, depth, and width) in live Awassi lambs of different sexes, predict actual SFT and LM traits without damage to the carcass, and improve carcass classification. Data were obtained from ultrasound scans of 20 female and 10 male lambs. Female lambs were randomly divided into light (FL; n = 10) and heavy (FH; n = 10) finishing groups. Slaughter weights of lambs in FL were 30 kg and for FH and male groups were 40 kg. Subcutaneous fat thickness and LM traits, cross-sectional area between the 12th and 13th rib were measured using real-time ultrasound in vivo and on the carcass after slaughter. All ultrasound and carcass measurements were different (P > 0.05) except carcass yield and carcass LM width in female lambs (FL and FH). Between different sex groups, all ultrasound and carcass measurements were the same except ultrasound SFT (USFT; P = 0.04) and carcass SFT (CSFT; P = 0.03). Significant correlation coefficients were between USFT and CSFT (0.93, P < 0.01; 0.76, P = 0.02), ultrasound LM depth (ULMD) and carcass LM depth (CLMD; 0.64, P = 0.05; 0.77, P < 0.01), and ultrasound LM area (ULMA) and carcass LM area (CLMA; 0.88, 0.84; P < 0.01) for female lambs in FL and FH groups. Also, similar correlations were determined significantly between USFT and CSFT (0.84, P < 0.01; 0.76, P = 0.02), ULMD and CLMD (0.69, P = 0.03; 0.77, P < 0.01), and ULMA and CLMA (0.88, 0.84; P < 0.01) for male lambs in male and FH groups. The introduction of USFT and ULMA as independent variables in addition to BW in the multiple regression equations further improved the variations for CSFT (88, 75, and 81%) and CLMA (78, 90, and 80%) for lambs in FL, FH, and male groups, respectively, whereas no improvement was observed for cold carcass weight with the exception of the FH group and carcass yield. These results indicate that in vivo USFT and ULMA in association with BW could be used to estimate CSFT, CLMA, and cold carcass weight ultrasound findings about LM, and SFT can be included to the selection programs for different BW and sex of Awassi lambs.Item Bolu Bölgesinde yetiştirilen mandaların yağ asidi kompozisyonun çıkarılması ve et kalitesi açısından değerlendirilmesi(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-08-27) Turan, Adem; Orman, Abdülkadir; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Veteriner-Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-7544-9003Bu çalışmada, cinsiyet ve yaşın manda etinin yağ asidi kompozisyonu ve et kalitesine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada 4 farklı grupta (genç dişi, genç erkek, yaşlı dişi, yaşlı erkek) 56 baş manda (Bubalus bubalis) kullanılmıştır. Yaşlıların sıcak ve soğuk karkas ağırlıkları ile deri ağırlığı (227,43; 223,55 ve 45,83 kg) gençlere göre (153,68; 150,85 ve 36,49 kg) daha fazla bulunmuştur (P<0,001; P<0,001; P<0,01). Yaşlı dişilerin deri altı yağ kalınlığı 1,68 cm ile genç erkeklerinkine göre (0,96 cm) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Longissimus Dorsi (LD) kası alanı, yaşlılarda 56,28 cm2 olarak, gençlerden ölçülen 46,99 cm2 den daha geniş bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Soğutma firesi ve LD kası derinliği açısından gruplar arasında farklılık tespit edilememiştir. Dişilerin pişirme kaybı (%30,19) erkeklere (%31,77) göre daha düşük bulunmuştur (P<0,01). Gençlerin kesitten 1 ve 24 saat sonraki parlaklık (L*) değerleri (39,60; 40,42) ile renk tonu (H*) değerleri (18,49; 21,13) yaşlılara göre (35,35; 36,68 ve 16,89; 18,90) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,001; P<0,001 ile P<0,01; P<0,001). Dişilerin kesitten 1 ve 24 saat sonraki renk canlılığı (C*) değerleri ise (25,72; 30,93) erkeklere göre (24,03; 28,46) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,03; P<0,02). Dişilerin kesitten 24 saat sonraki kırmızılık (a*) değeri (29,04) ile yağ içeriği (%2,76) erkeklere göre (26,72; %1,39) (P<0,01; P<0,01), yaşlı dişilerin a* değeri (30,52) ise genç dişilere göre (27,56) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,01). Su tutma kapasitesi, pik kesme kuvveti, pH, kuru madde, nem ve protein açısından gruplar arasında farklılık tespit edilememiştir. Diğer gruplara göre yaşlı dişilerde; doymuş yağ asitleri (DYA) %45,46 ile en düşük bulunurken, doymamış yağ asitleri (DmYA) ise %54,53 ile en yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,001; P<0,001). Tekli doymamış yağ asitleri (TDmYA) ise %31,66 ile en yüksek yaşlı dişilerde tespit edilmiştir (P<0,0001). Dişilerin TDmYA’leri (%28,49) erkeklere göre (%21,07), erkeklerin ÇDmYA’leri (%26,51) dişilere göre (%22,47) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,0001; P<0,05). Miristik, gama-linolenik, linolenik, araşidonik, eikosapentaenoik (EPA) ve dokosaheksaenoik asit (DHA) açısından ise gruplar arasında farklılık tespit edilememiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ile; sürü dışı edilen erkek mandaların da yoğun besi programları ile halk sağlığı riski düşük alternatif protein kaynağı olarak katma değeri daha yüksek ürünlere dönüştürülerek değerlendirilebileceği ortaya konulmuştur.Item Broyler rasyonlarında fındık küspesinin kullanılma olanaklarının araştırılması(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2011-04-25) Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Deniz, Gülay; Orman, Abdülkadir; Türkmen, İ. İsmet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.Bu araştırma; broyler rasyonlarında farklı düzeylerde fındık küspesi kullanılmasının, besi performansı üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmada, toplam 195 adet günlük yaşta Avian Farm broyler erkek civciv kullanıldı. Civcivler her biri eşit sayıda hayvan içeren 3 ana gruba ayrıldı. Ayrıca ana grupların her biri kendi içerisinde 13’er adet hayvan içeren 5 tekrar grubuna ayrıldı. Araştırma süresince; kontrol grubu mısırsoya temeline dayanan standart broyler rasyonlarıyla beslendi. Deneme gruplarının rasyonlarında fındık küspesi; % 10 (FK10) ve % 20 (FK20) düzeylerinde kullanıldı. Araştırmanın sonunda; kontrol grubu ile FK10 grubunun besi sonu canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık kazancı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve sıcak karkas ağırlıklarında istatistik öneme sahip bir fark belirlenmedi. Yem tüketimi dışında, FK20 grubuna ait tüm performans parametrelerinde kontrol ve FK10 gruplarına göre önemli düzeyde bir düşüş saptandı. Deneme sonu itibariyle; FK20 grubu kontrol grubuna göre önemli düzeyde daha az yem tüketirken, FK10 ve FK20 gruplarının yem tüketimlerinde istatistik açıdan önemli bir fark bulunmadı. Sonuç olarak; broyler rasyonlarında % 10 düzeyine kadar fındık küspesi kullanılmasının, ekonomik yönden önem taşıyan performans parametreleri üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye yol açmayacağı kanısına varıldı.Publication Butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin treatment of pregnant ewes: Metabolic effects and potential prophylactic effect for pregnancy toxaemia(Elsevier, 2015-04-01) Temizel, Ethem Mutlu; Batmaz, Hasan; Keskin, Abdülkadir; Orman, Abdülkadir; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Çatık, Serkan; Topal, Onur; TEMİZEL, ETHEM MUTLU; BATMAZ, HASAN; KESKİN, ABDULKADİR; ORMAN, ABDÜLKADİR; GENÇOĞLU, HIDIR; Çatık, Serkan; TOPAL, ONUR; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0002-1933-7354; 0000-0003-1991-8957; HJZ-4775-2023; AAH-1712-2021; AAH-3831-2021; AAG-9134-2021; S-8278-2017; ECV-4083-2022; CHM-0716-2022The effect of administration of butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin on the prophylaxis of pregnancy toxaemia in ewe was investigated. Moreover, the effects of these compounds on body weight gain and biochemical metabolism of pregnant ewe was assessed. A total of 59 pregnant Kivircik crossbred ewes were used in this study. Group I (n: 15) was administered butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin three times before delivery at 1-week intervals. Group II (n: 15) was administered butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin three times before delivery at 3-day intervals. Group III (n: 15) was administered 0.9% NaCl three times before delivery at 1-week intervals. Group IV (n: 14) was administered 0.9%NaCI three times before delivery at 3-day intervals. Six blood samples Were taken from each ewe four times before delivery and two times after delivery. Haematological and biochemical analyses were performed.The levels of BHB and NEFA in groups administered butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin were noticeably lower but there were no statistically significance. Elevated BHB (>0.8 mmol/L), subclinical pregnancies toxaemia were identified in 56.66% in test groups and 72.41% in control groups in all ewes and this was higher in the ewes bearing multiple pregnancies 71.42 in test groups and 82.35% in control groups. Subclinical pregnancy toxaemia in pregnant ewes with twins or triplets is lower than the levels for the control groups, despite the greater lamb counts and weights of the ewes in test groups.Based on our results, it was concluded that the butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin combination could be used as an alternative treatment for the prevention of pregnancy toxaemia. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Comparison of growth curve in male layer chickens(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-12-24) Gunawan, Andrean Amar; Putra, Widya Pintaka Bayu; Riaz, Roshan; Orman, Abdülkadir; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-1102-6447; 0000-0002-0524-9994; 0000-0001-9138-4422This study was aimed to obtain the growth curve of body weight in male layer chickens (Lohman MB 202) based on Logistic and Gompertz models. The frequently data of body weight from one day age to adult age were used for growth curve prediction. Total of one thousand birds from private sector poultry farm in Tasikmalaya Regency, Indonesia were used in this study as the data source. The growth curve estimation was calculated based on Logistic (L) and Gompertz (G) models using Curve Expert 1.4. computer program. The final weight (asymptote) in birds was reached of 1111.27 g (L) and 1685.13 g (G). Therefore, the weight of inflection (Wi) of birds were reached of 555.64 g (L) and 619.53 g (G). The time of inflection (ti) and maximum growth rate (GR) of birds in both models were 6 weeks and 19 g/week respectively. In conclusion, both models had similar coefficient of determination (R2) value. However, the growth curve of Gompertz model was confirmed as better growth curve for body weight of birds than that of Logistic model due to lower of root mean square error (RMSE) value.Item D-dimer levels as a procoagulative marker in association with disease progress during giardiasis in dogs(Univ Cordoba, 2017-12) Haydardedeoğlu, Ali Evren; Ural, Kerem; Ural, Deniz Alıç; Orman, Abdülkadir; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zooteknik Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; AAG-9134-2021; 24335834100Objective. The present study was conducted to measure D-dimer concentrations and assess their value in disease activity in dogs with giardiasis. Furthermore another purpose was to analyze correlation between cyst excretion and D-dimer levels to those of dogs naturally infected with Giardia sp. Materials and methods. D-dimer analysis were performed in three groups of dogs; (i) 15 dogs with giardiasis to those of treated with secnidazol, (ii) 10 dogs with giardiasis, left untreated as control group, then were compared to those of (iii) 17dogs without giardiasis, used to detect reference ranges for D-dimer values as control group. was a correlation between D-dimer levels and logarythmic cyst counts. Results. The D-dimer range in healthy dogs was < 0.1 mg/L. In dogs with giardiasis, the D-dimer concentrations were greater than those of healthy dogs (p<0.05) and (p<0.01), respectively. The mean initial plasma D-dimer level was 2.84 +/- 0.50 and 2.99 +/- 0.61 ng/L in treated and untreated control groups. At the final follow-up evaluation on day 10 was 0.27 +/- 0.50 and 2.14 +/- 0.61 ng/L, in treated and untreated control groups, respectively, which was significantly lower in treated group (p<0.001). The area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics for d-dimer was 0.922 (z-value = 12.977, p<0.0001). (95% CI: 0.780-0.885). At a cut-off value of 0.1 ng/L, the D-dimer measurement had a sensitivity of 87.2%, a specificity of 90.9%. Conclusions. As a result D-dimer concentrations measured in giardiasis support the probable link between probable pro-thrombotic and inflammatory condition.Item Determination of acute oral toxicity of flumethrin in honey bees(Oxford University Press, 2012-12) Hranitz, John M.; Duell, Meghan E.; Oruç, Hasan Hüseyin; Sorucu, Ali; Çakmak, İbrahim; Aydın, Levent; Orman, Abdülkadir; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Arıcılığı Geliştirme-Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mustafakemalpaşa Meslek Yüksekokulu.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zooteknik Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0002-5399-2395; AAG-9134-2021; AAH-2558-2021; AAI-2212-2021; 55944769400; 55236493200; 57207796431; 55808198600; 24335834100Flumethrin is one of many pesticides used for the control and treatment of varroatosis in honey bees and for the control of mosquitoes and ticks in the environment. For the control of varroatosis, flumethrin is applied to hives formulated as a plastic strip for several weeks. During this time, honey bees are treated topically with flumethrin, and hive products may accumulate the pesticide. Honey bees may indirectly ingest flumethrin through hygienic behaviors during the application period and receive low doses of flumethrin through comb wax remodeling after the application period. The goal of our study was to determine the acute oral toxicity of flumethrin and observe the acute effects on motor coordination in honey bees (Apis mellifera anatoliaca). Six doses (between 0.125 and 4.000 mu g per bee) in a geometric series were studied. The acute oral LD50 of flumethrin was determined to be 0.527 and 0.178 mu g per bee (n = 210, 95% CI) for 24 and 48 h, respectively. Orally administered flumethrin is highly toxic to honey bees. Oral flumethrin disrupted the motor coordination of honey bees. Honey bees that ingested flumethrin exhibited convulsions in the antennae, legs, and wings at low doses. At higher doses, partial and total paralysis in the antennae, legs, wings, proboscises, bodies, and twitches in the antennae and legs were observed.Item Distribution of hoof lesions and hoof health strategies on a robotic milking farm(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2018-03-12) Çeçen, Göksen; İlhan, Gürkan; Orman, Abdülkadir; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.In Turkey, the use of robotic milking technology is still very new. The scientific data showing the effects on animal health are important as well as the studies related to the economic performance of milking robots. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hoof diseases encountered on dairy cattle farms working with robotic milking system and to determine the causes and to provide the necessary precautions to prevent and control hoof health problems. In the study, 93 Holstein dairy cattle aged between 35-54 months were evaluated in a dairy farm with two robotic milking system (system capacity of 120 cows/day). The locomotion scores were recorded and the cows’ feet were examined in hoof trimming chute and claws of all cows were trimmed according to biomechanical characteristics of foot. The treatment method was determined according to the condition of the lesion in cases of hoof disease and the results of recovery were followed. In the herd, cases of claw deformation (6.4%; n=6), sole ulcer (4.3%; n=4), white line disease (3.2%; n=3), digital dermatitis (8.6%; n=8), heel lesion (6.4%; n=6), foot rot (1.0%; n=1), limax (2.1%; n=2), hoof crack (2.1%; n=2) and coroner inflammation (1.0%; n=1) were recorded. Evaluated etiologically, it has been found that mistakes in the application of bath solutions used in the single footbath at the exit of the robotic milking unit in the formation of infectious foot diseases, feeding mistakes made without regard to cow traffic in the case of non infectious foot diseases and exposure of the foot to traumas due to not paying attention to comfort in the feeding areas are effective. As a result, to prevent management malfunctions causing metabolic problems, stress and traumas in animal, the use of senseless technology should be avoided in order to ensure sustainable hoof health on robotic milking farms.Item Effect of calcium propionate administration in first week postpartum of dairy cows on subclinical ketosi(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010-09-28) Kara, Çağdaş; Orman, Abdülkadir; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Yavuz, Melih; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of calcium propionate administrations on serum ßhydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration and subclinical ketosis occurrence in dairy cows. Twenty four multiparous Holstein cows were sorted by parity, body condition score and dry matter intake in close-up period, average milk production of previous lactation and season of calving and assigned to one of the three groups. Each group consisted of eight cows. The cows in group 1 (G1) received two drenches at calving and 24h after calving. The cows in group 2 (G2) received three drenches at calving, 24h after calving and 7 days after calving. The cows in group 3 (G3) were the control (no drench). Each drench contained 0.68kg of calcium propionate. There were no statistical differences for serum BHBA concentrations at all times among groups (P>0.05), except for the difference at calving between G1 and G3 (P<0.05). Two drenches of calcium propionate tended to decrease serum BHBA concentration and the incidence of subclinical ketosis during first 4 weeks of lactation.Item Effect of maternal parity on offspring's milk and reproductive performance, disease incidence of calf period, and longevity in Holstein cows(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-09-17) Riaz, Roshan; Orman, Abdülkadir; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-0524-9994Present information on the maternal parity influences on reproductive and milk production parameters is ambiguous and less information is available on maternal parity effects on the calf duration disease incidence and longevity. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of parity on the calf duration diseases incidence, milk yield and reproductive parameters, and longevity of offspring in Holstein dairy cows. Data were retrieved from a commercial dairy farm present at Karacabey-Bursa state in Turkey. All the data was organized and subjected to statistical analysis, and correlations were established between all first lactation production parameters (peak yield, days to peak yield, 100-d yield, and 305-d yield), reproduction (age at first insemination, number of inseminations), and longevity of the dams and their heifers. In all parity calves, the incidence of calf duration diseases averaged 16.8%, and the rate reduced as mother parity increased (p<0.01). Age at first insemination, number of inseminations gestation length as a heifer, and peak milk yield, time to peak yield, 100-d milk yield, 305-d milk yield during the first lactation of all parity heifers averaged 481-d, 1.67, 274-d, 46.06 L, 67.50-d, 3611.93 L and 9588.47 L respectively. Non-significant (p>0.05) effect of the parity was found on all these heifer’s reproduction and first lactation milk production parameters. A non-significant correlation established for reproduction and milk production studied parameters of the dams and heifers. Longevity averaged 32.43, 27.93, and 26.57 months for first, second and third parity dams offspring respectively, but results remained non-significant (p>0.05) for all parity. Non-significant (p>0.05) correlation was found between maternal longevity and the longevity of offspring. Among culling reasons investigated, reproductive diseases were the primary culling reason (28.9%), followed by low production (8.4%), mastitis and udder problems (4.8%), foot problems (6.0%), and abomasum displacement (3.6%), and we found a significant (p<0.01) positive correlation between culling reasons of dams and heifers. It can be concluded that maternal parity influences the calf duration health diseases, longevity, and extra care should be paid to the first two parity calves, but for better reproductive and production performance during the first lactation, higher emphasis on growth and breeding decisions is suggestive.Item The effect of shearing in a hot environment on some welfare indicators in Awassi lambs(Springer, 2011-10) Dikmen, Serdal; Orman, Abdülkadir; Üstüner, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Bölümü.; 0000-0002-5611-4993; 0000-0002-4341-5842; 0000-0001-9138-4422; A-5731-2018; AAG-9127-2021; AAG-9134-2021; 8280302600; 24335834100; 16065222700The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of shearing on the individual behaviors and rectal temperature profile during the day at hot environment in Awassi lambs. Twenty Awassi male lambs were randomly allocated into shorn (n=10) and unshorn (n=10) groups (28.8 +/- 0.7 and 29.9 +/- 0.7 kg, respectively) and were kept indoor during the experiment. The physiological and behavioral response variables measured were rectal temperature, standing, lying, feeding, ruminating, drinking, locomotor activity, and elimination. The effect of day, time of day, and all interactions on rectal temperature were found significant (P<0.001). The effect of shearing on the rectal temperatures of lambs was tend to be significant (P=0.06). Overall, unshorn lambs showed more frequencies of locomotor activity (P<0.05) and there was a tendency of less standing behavior (P=0.08) when compared to the lambs in shorn group. The difference of the other behaviors was not significant (P>0.05). Within the observation hours, there was a tendency of difference for behavioral frequencies between groups especially early in the day and late at night (P=0.07). But during the day, the difference of behavior type between groups was highly significant at 1300 and 1600 hours (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). The findings of the current study showed that the behavior of shorn lambs changed with the changing of environmental heat and showed more behavioral differences at 1300 hours but they tend to cope with heat stress better than unshorn lambs in a hot environment when their rectal temperatures were compared.Item Effect of the parity and the production year on the longevity of the kids in saneen dairy goats(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-01-22) Çavuşoğlu, Enver; Riaz, Roshan; Omar, Mohamed Yusuf; Demir, Mehmet; Orman, Abdülkadir; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-9018-3511; 0000-0002-0524-9994; 0000-0002-5481-729X; 0000-0002-9279-3911; 0000-0001-9138-4422The basic objective of the dairy goat farmers is to produce healthy and fertile animals at appropriate age, with maximum genetic expression and long productive duration. Longevity is an important economical parameter in the breeding program of the dairy goats. There are various factors which directly influence the production and longevity of the newborns such as age at birth, season, herds flock and breed. The present study aimed to study the effect of the parity and the production year on the kids’ longevity in Saanen dairy goats. The 5 year data (2012 to 2016) of total 222 Saanen female goats collected from the Research and Applied Center at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University. The effect of parity on the kids’ longevity was found non-significant (P>0.05). Non-significant (P>0.05) difference was observed while comparing the data of kids from primiparous and multiparous within the production year. However, a significant (P<0.05) difference among the mean values was found while making comparison between the production years. The litter size in the present study ranged from 1.57 to 1.75 and non-significant (P>0.05) difference was found in the kids born over the evaluated years. The present study did not investigate the voluntary and involuntary culling reasons and the management practices at the farm are more standardized than a normal commercial farm. Hence, further research is required at the commercial farms having large number of the animals and herds in order to use the parity and longevity in the present genetic evaluation programs.Item The effects of different glucose precursors on rumen and blood parameters in dairy cows(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2023-01-20) Altaş, Tolga; Abdullahoğlu, Esra; Bigen, Ozan; Orman, Abdülkadir; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dal.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-2567-1033; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0003-1067-2874The purpose of this research is to determine the drenching different glucose precursors, which are propylene glycol and glycerol, on rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA), blood glucose and insulin levels and dry matter intake (DMI) of dairy cows. Three rumen cannulated lactating Holstein cows were divided into propylene glycol, glycerol and control groups, according to the 3x3 Latin square method. Blood and rumen samples were taken before and at certain minutes after drinking the liquids. The amount of DMI by the cows was recorded daily. The measured DMI value was found to be the highest (22,9 kg/day) in the glycerol group and the lowest (17,3 kg/day) in the propylene glycol group (P<0,02). The blood insulin level (22,2 ng/dL) in the propylene glycol group was higher than the glycerol (18,5 ng/dL) and control (16,8 ng/dL) group (P<0,05). Rumen propionic acid values of the propylene and glycerol groups were higher than the control group (P<0,05). From this research, it is concluded that these effects should be considered in the use of propylene glycol due to the decrease in DMI along with the increase in blood glucose and insulin levels.Item Effects of feeding corn distiller's dried grains with solubles with and without enzyme cocktail supplementation to laying hens on performance, egg quality, selected manure parameters, and feed cost(Elsevier, 2013-04) Deniz, Gülay; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Gezen, Şerife Şule; Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Orman, Abdülkadir; Kara, Çağdaş; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0003-0708-3833; AAG-9134-2021; B-1526-2018; 56186472300; 15753357900; 9239300200; 6701855392; 24335834100; 31967678500An experiment was conducted with 480 Super Nick white-laying hens to evaluate the effects of different inclusion levels of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (CDDGS) with or without enzyme cocktail supplementation on performance, egg quality, selected manure parameters, and feed cost. The experimental diets consisted of 5 levels of CDDGS: 0 (basal diet), 5, 10, 15 or 20% and two levels of enzyme cocktail (Allzyme (R) SSF): 0 or 0.02%. Diets containing 0.02% enzyme cocktail were formulated to recoup the enzyme matrix value. Each dietary treatment was assigned to 4 replicate groups of 12 hens (with 3 cages and 4 hens per cage). The experiment lasted 8 weeks. Performance parameters and egg quality were determined every other week, whereas selected manure parameters were measured at the end of the experiment. Feeding up to 15% medium-quality CDDGS with or without enzyme cocktail supplementation had no negative effects on performance parameters (percentage laying rate, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion) or exterior (eggshell thickness and shell breaking strength) and interior (Haugh units and egg yolk color) egg quality parameters in this study. There was no interaction between the inclusion levels of CDDGS and the supplementation of enzyme cocktail on performance, egg quality or manure parameters. As the level of CDDGS included in the diet increased, the level of dicalcium phosphate gradually decreased, which resulted in a reduction in dietary costs. A significant decrease was observed (P < 0.001) in manure total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels following enzyme cocktail supplementation in comparison to diets without enzyme cocktail. These results indicate that 15% CDDGS can be added to diets of laying hens without compromising performance parameters, and exterior and interior egg quality as long as the nutrient profile of CDDGS is known and the diet is formulated on a digestible amino acid basis. Feed cost can be reduced by supplementing the diets with CDDGS. In addition, using an enzyme cocktail affecting anti-nutritional factors in CDDGS may improve the nutritive value of laying hen diets with CDDGS and lessen the amount of total N and P released in the manure.Publication Effects of gender and slaughter age on meat quality of anatolian water buffaloes(Springer, 2021-09-01) Turan, Adem; Yalçıntan, Hülya; Orman, Abdülkadir; Ekiz, Bülent; Turan, Adem; ORMAN, ABDÜLKADİR; 0000-0001-7062-1521; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0001-6458-5747; ABD-8329-2021; D-1711-2011; D-4671-2019; AAG-9134-2021The study aimed to investigate the effects of slaughter age and gender on specific carcass and technological meat quality characteristics in Anatolian water buffaloes. The study was conducted on 55 water buffaloes using a 2 x 2 factorial design with two independent variables at two levels. Gender subgroups of male (n = 29) and female (n = 26) and slaughter age subgroups of younger than 2 years of age (n = 29) and older than 2 years of age (n = 26) were evaluated. Hot carcass and cold carcass weights were higher in old water buffaloes than young ones (P < 0.001). The skin weight of old buffaloes was also higher than young buffaloes (P < 0.01). Drip loss, expressed juice, and Warner Bratzler (WB) shear force values of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles were not influenced by age group and gender of buffaloes. The lightness (L*) and hue (H*) values were higher in young buffaloes than old animals (P < 0.001). The meat of male buffaloes had lower redness (a*) and chroma (C*) values than that of female buffaloes. The current results indicated that female water buffalo could also be used for meat production away from negative impressions on the meat quality of female water buffalo.Item Effects of glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products on energy balances and performance parameters and histological parameters in broiler chicken diets(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2018-07-17) Belenli, Deniz; Berhow, Mark A.; Polat, Umit; Erdost, Hatice; İlhan, Tuncay; Orman, Abdülkadir; Yesilbağ, Derya; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Histoloji ve Embriyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvancılık Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.Glucosinolates are important bioactive molecules and widely found in Brassicaceae species (cress, brussels sprouts, mustard, broccoli, kale etc.). Depending on the amount of these vegetables consumed, both positive and negative metabolic effects from glucosinolate metabolites may occur. The aims of this study were to; investigate inexpensive animal food sources that both increases weight gain and provides enhanced performance parameters without adversely affecting the animal’s health and metabolism; to evaluate dose adjustment of food containing glucosinolates in animals; and to evaluate changes in the biochemical and performance status of chickens on these glucosinolate containing diets. A total of 624 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler line chicks were divided into one control and three treatment groups. Cress seed (Lepidium sativum) was added 0.05% for the first treatment groups (Group 1, 10 g/kg), 0.10% for the second treatment groups (Group 2, 20 g/kg) and 0.15% for the last treatment groups (Group 3, 30 g/kg) to the diet. Serum samples were evaluated for serum glucose, adiponectin, leptin, growth hormone, estradiol and cortisol levels. Performance parameters investigated included feed intake, live body weight and feed conversion ratio. . The villus length, number of goblet cells, crypt depth were determined for histological analyses. According to histological results, villus length was significant at p < 0.05 level between control and group 1 and at p < 0.001 level with groups 2 and 3 at 21 days. The depth of the crypts belonging to the control and experimental groups was not significant between the control group and the group 1 when the statistic was evaluated on the 21st day, whereas between the control group and the group 2, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01; statistical significance was found at p < 0.001 level between group 3 and control group. The results showed that dietary glucosinolate supplementation as feed additive (10, 20 and 30 g/kg) did not significantly improve the dietary performance, or carcass parameters of broiler chickens. Feed intake was the highest in group 2 (20 g/kg), female live weight was the highest in group 2 (20 g/kg) and 3 (30 g/kg). In conclusion, the rates of the cress seed (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15%) that contain glucotropaeolin were not affected for feed additive on performance (especially live weight and live weight gain) and carcass parameters.Item Effects of inulin supplementation on selected faecal characteristics and health of neonatal Saanen kids sucking milk from their dams(Elsevier, 2012-12) Kara, Çağdaş; Orman, Abdülkadir; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Kovanlıkaya, Arda; Meral, Yavuz; Çetin, İrene; Yibar, Artun; Kasap, Sevim C.; Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Deniz, Gülay; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zooteknik Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Gıda Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-9217-3034; 0000-0001-9138-4422; AAC-2909-2020; AAP-7998-2020; AAG-9134-2021; K-6112-2016; 31967678500; 24335834100; 15753357900; 31967682500; 55786609400; 7006082971; 38762296900; 36514844800; 6701855392; 8849978100Fifty newborn Saanen kids were used to study the effects of inulin supplementation on faecal score, faecal pH, selected faecal bacterial population, BW, body temperature, haematological traits, selected health parameters and the incidence of diarrhoea. Kids were sorted by parity of their dams and multiple birth (twin or triplet) and assigned to one of the two groups (control: CG, and experimental: EG) at birth. Each group consisted of 25 kids. The groups were similar with regard to sex and birth weight. All kids were fed colostrum for the first 3 days after birth, and then the kids in EG were adapted to inulin supplementation by an increased dosage from day 4 to 7. Each kid in EG was supplemented with 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g, 0.5 g and 0.6 g inulin on day 4, 5, 6, 7 and from day 8 to 28, respectively, whereas the kids in CG did not receive inulin. Faecal score and faecal bacterial population were not affected by inulin supplementation (P > 0.05). There were differences in faecal pH on day 14 (P = 0.01) and 28 (P < 0.05), whereas no difference in faecal pH on day 21 (P > 0.05) was detected between groups. No differences (P > 0.05) in BW and haematological traits were found between groups. Body temperature did not differ on day 14 and 21 (P > 0.05), whereas there was a difference in body temperature on day 28 (P = 0.01) between groups. The numbers of kids with pneumonia and kids treated for pneumonia and diarrhoea were similar for CG and EG. Kid losses during the study were the same for CG and EG. The incidence of diarrhoea was not affected by inulin supplementation (P > 0.05). Inulin supplemented to kids did not adversely affect faecal score. The effect of inulin on faecal pH was not consistent. The results of our study suggested that daily dose (0.6 g) of inulin might not be enough to observe effects of it. Our data will be useful to determine the dose and timing of inulin supplementation in future studies investigating the effects of inulin on the parameters associated with performance and health status in kids and other young ruminants.Item Effects of juniper essential oil on growth performance, some rumen protozoa, rumen fermentation and antioxidant blood enzyme parameters of growing Saanen kids(Wiley, 2016-05-30) Yeşilbağ, Derya; Biricik, Hakan; Çetin, İsmail; Kara, Çağdaş; Meral, Yavuz; Cengiz, Şerife Şule; Orman, Abdülkadir; Udum, Duygu; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0001-7052-1694; 0000-0003-0708-3833; AAH-4032-2021; AAK-5370-2020; AAG-9134-2021; AAH-5167-2021; B-1526-2018; 9246817500; 6602982111; 56707038100; 31967678500; 55786609400; 56329475100; 24335834100; 31967936400This study aimed to evaluate the effects of juniper essential oil on the growth performance, rumen fermentation parameters, rumen protozoa population, blood antioxidant enzyme parameters and faecal content in growing Saanen kids. Thirty-six male Saanen kids (36 +/- 14days of age) were used in the study. Each group consisted of 9 kids. The control group (G1) was fed with a diet that consisted of the above concentrated feed and oat hay, whereas the experimental groups consumed the same diet but with the concentrated feed uniformly sprayed with juniper essential oil 0.4 ml/kg (G2), 0.8 ml/kg (G3) or 2 ml/kg (G4). There were no differences (p>0.05) in live weight, live weight gain or feed consumption between the control and experimental groups. There was a significant improvement (p<0.05) in feed efficiency in the G3 group. There were no differences in the rumen pH, rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile or faecal pH of the control and experimental groups. The rumen NH3N values were similar at the middle and end of the experiment, but at the start of the experiment, the rumen NH3N values differed between the control and experimental groups (p<0.05). The faecal score value was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the experimental groups. The addition of juniper essential oil supplementation to the rations caused significant effects on the kids' antioxidant blood parameters. Although the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase values were significantly (p<0.05) increased in the experimental groups (G2, G3 and G4), especially group G4, the blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX) value significantly decreased in the experimental groups. The results of this study suggest that supplementation of juniper oil is more effective on antioxidant parameters than on performance parameters and may be used as a natural antioxidant product.Item Effects of probiotic (Bacillus subtilis DSM 17299) supplementation on the caecal microflora and performance in broiler chickens(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2011-11) Deniz, Gülay; Orman, Abdülkadir; Çetinkaya, Figen; Gençoğlu, Hıdır; Meral, Yavuz; Türkmen, İbrahim İsmet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Zooteknik Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Gıda Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; AAI-1993-2021; AAG-9134-2021; 56186472300; 24335834100; 8657771200; 15753357900; 55786609400; 6701855392The aim of the study was to determine the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation with B. subtilis spores (strain DSM 17299) on the growth performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens and to analyse the influence on the caecal microflora. A total of 364 one day-old male broiler chicks were randomly divided into 2 equal groups (not supplemented controls and birds receiving dietary addition of B. subtilis spores (8x10(5) cfu/kg of food) for 6 weeks). Body weights, body weight gains, food intake and food efficiency were weekly evaluated and the carcass parameters (hot carcass weight and yield) and the caecal microflora composition were determined at the end of the experiment. The probiotic supplementation has significantly increased the final weight gain (P < 0.05) and the hot carcass weight (P < 0.01), reduced the food intake calculated for 6 weeks (P < 0.001) and improved the food conversion ratios since the 4th week with supplementation (p < 0.001). In parallel, in the treated birds, the caecal population of bacilli was markedly enhanced (P < 0.01) whereas those of enterococci (P < 0.001) and coliforms (P < 0.05) were significantly lowered. The Enterobacteriaceae counts were also weakly depressed but not significantly and the numeration of lactobacilli has also tended to slightly increase. These results show that the dietary inclusion of B. subtilis spores improve the weight growth and the food efficiency in broilers probably through the selection of beneficial bacteria to the detriment of pathogen germs in the caecal microflora.
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