2024 Cilt 24 Sayı 2
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/48918
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Publication Batı Mısır'daki yalnız arılar (hymenoptera: apoidea) çeşitliliği ve bunlarla ilişkili çiçek kaynaklarının palinolojik analizi(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-05) Hetita, Fatma R.; El-barbary, Nabil S.; Mohamed A. , Shebl; Esmaeil, Mohamed E. M.Egypt is one of the important countries in terms of bee diversity in Northern Africa. The Eastern part of the country has been the subject of several studies over the last decade, especially in comparison to the Western part. In this work, we explore the diversity of solitary bees in the Alexandria Governorate, specifically in the Al Hawaria region (30°57'13" N, 29°40'27" E), based on two years of research conducted in 2021 and 2022. A total of 51 species were identified in the region: 25 species of Apidae, 16 of Megachilidae, 5 of Andrenidae, 4 of Halictidae, and one species of Colletidae. Pollen grain identification from plants and some solitary bee species revealed the creation of reference slides for pollen grains from 32 flowering plant species (both crops and wildflowers) across 19 plant families. The plant family preferences were varied among different bee genera. The most commonly visited plant families were Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, and Fabaceae, which accounted for 58% of the total bee-attracting flora. The pollen spectrum from the Xylocopa aestuans (L. 1758) nest consisted of two pollen types, while the nest of Osmia sp. contained a single pollen type.Publication Bitkisel içerikli mısır arı balı, nimet mi lanet mi, duyusal, fizikokı̇myasal ve antibakteriyal Özellikler üzerindeki etkı̇si(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-11) El-kherbawy, Ghada; Hassan, Magda; Alla, Asmaa AbdHerbal honey mixture remedies are well known for their therapeutic benefits in traditional medicine. This research aspired to assess melissopalynological, sensorial, physicochemical, & antibacterial activity for three types of honey (clover, citrus, and cucurbits) and their mixtures with black seed, date palm pollen, & wheat germ at 1, 2.5, & 5%. The best mixtures were chosen according to overall acceptability. Consumer’s preference was given to raw honey. However, some mixtures were as acceptable as raw honey. Melissopalynological analysis and lower glucose level compared to fructose are evidences that honeys are natural. Infusing herbs with different types of honey caused higher electrical conductivity, free acidity, ash, H2O2, HMF levels, and lower pH. Type of honey and herb may affect the physicochemical characteristics of honey in different ways. Honey whether used alone or in combination with the three herbs, demonstrated the same significant antibacterial effect for Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Inhibition zones of honey and its mixtures were lower than the control for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most undiluted samples created larger bacterial inhibition zones than their 50% diluted counterparts. Depending on the type of honey, the herb and additive concentration, infusing herbs with honey could alter its chemical, physical, and antibacterial qualities.Publication Endonezya Doğu Kalimantan'daki Calliandra calothyrsus plantasyonundan toplanan iğnesiz arı (Heterotrigona itama) balının antioksidan aktiviteleri ve fitokimyasal bileşimi(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-23) Paramita, Swandari; Arung, Enos Tangke; Syafrizal, Syafrizal; Naibaho, Netty MariaStingless bee honey is one of the most valuable insect products. The increasing popularity of stingless bee honey can be attributed to its composition, which has been linked to medicinal properties. Beekeeping with stingless bees is well-known in Indonesia, with Heterotrigona itama is the most popular stingless bee species cultivated in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Stingless bees utilize various plant species as sustenance sources. Among those plants, Calliandra calothyrsus is popular planting in Indonesian bee plantations. This study analyzed the antioxidant (DPPH assay), phytochemical (qualitative method), water, and sugar content of H. itama stingless bee honey collected from a C. calothyrsus plantation. The results show that the water and sugar contents of the honey in this study were higher than in other research. Meanwhile, antioxidant capacity was also higher than in other studies. The phytochemical contents detected from honey in this study were carotenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, and triterpenoids. Even though the properties of stingless bee honey can differ based on vegetation and geographical origin, H. itama stingless bee honey collected from C. calothyrsus plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, showed potential antioxidant activity and phytochemical content, which is advantageous to human health.Publication Exploring bee venom volatiles: A promising avenue for cystic fibrosis(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-04) Vural, Nilüfer; Kaymak, Sibel; Yüce, OğuzBiyoaktif bileşiklerin karmaşık bir karışımı olan arı zehri, anti-inflamatuar, antimikrobiyal ve immünomodülatör özellikler göstermektedir. Özellikle arı zehri bileşenleri tarafından salınan uçucu bileşenler, solunum hastalıklarındaki potansiyelleri nedeniyle dikkat çekmektedir. Kistik fibroz (CF), CFTR proteinini etkileyen genetik bir mutasyonla karakterize, başta akciğerler ve sindirim sistemi olmak üzere çeşitli organlarda kalın ve yapışkan mukus üretimine yol açan ve yenilikçi tedavi yaklaşımları gerektiren zorlu bir hastalıktır. Bu araştırma, hem arı zehri uçucularının kimyasal bileşimini hem de CF hastalarında hava yolu inflamasyonu ve mukus viskozitesi üzerindeki etkilerini kimyasal ve in silico yöntemlerle araştırmıştır. Çeşitli SPME lifleri ile yapılan GC/MS analizleri, arı zehrinin uçucu bileşiklerinde 67 farklı bileşenin tanımlanmasını sağlamıştır. W/DVB, CAR-PDMS ve DVB-PDMS fiberleri için sırasıyla perilla alcohol (%42.21), tetradecane (%11.48) ve 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (39.98) bileşenleri en yüksek miktarda belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra yapılan in silico analizler, bu bileşenlerin, temel sitokinleri modüle ederek ve CF hastalarının hava yollarındaki inflamatuar belirteçleri azaltarak anti-inflamatuar etkiler sergilediğini gösterdi. Bu araştırma, arı zehri uçucularının CF semptomlarını yönetmek için yeni bir terapötik yol olarak potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Arı zehrinin benzersiz özelliklerinden yararlanmak, kistik fibrozdan etkilenen bireylere yönelik hedefe yönelik tedavilerin geliştirilmesinde yeni bakış açıları sunabilir.Publication Green synthesis, characterization and determination of biological activity of sunflower honey based-silver nanoparticles(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-10) Keskin, Merve; Uysal, İrem; Gürcan, GözdeNanoparticles such as gold, silver, zinc, which are the building blocks of nanotechnology, which have a wide range of applications in medicine, drug release systems, pharmacy, agriculture, can be synthesized in an environmentally friendly, economical and biocompatible way using green synthesis technique. In the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, plants or plant-based products are widely used due to the bioactive components they contain. Honey is one of the important natural products that can be used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with its phenolic components and sugars. In this study, the potential of sunflower honey, which is weaker than chestnut and oak honey in terms of bioactive components, for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles was determined. The synthesized sunflower honey-based silver nanoparticles (SH-AgNPs) were characterized and then their antioxidant activity and inhibition of myeloperoxidase and collagenase enzymes, which play an important role in wound healing, were determined. It was determined that the synthesized nanoparticles gave maximum absorbance at 440 nm and particle sizes ranged between 33 nm and 38 nm. The DPPH· radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing capacity (FRAP) of the synthesized nanoparticles were determined as 81±1.42% and 86±1.24%, respectively, and the inhibition properties of myleoperoxidase and collagenase enzymes were determined as 63±1.45% and 37±1.14%, respectively. The findings obtained show that sunflower honey has the potential for use in the field of nanotechnology.Publication Isolatıon and characterızatıon of water soluble fractıon of propolıs and ıts antıbacterıal potentıal on bacterıa causıng conjunctıvıtıs(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-07-29) Muz, Ömer Ersin; Keskin, Şaban; Kara, Yakup; Karaoğlu, Şengül Alpay; Keskin, MervePropolis is a bee product with a variety of biological activities. Although chemical composition of propolis differs by the location but all propolis types possesses antimicrobial activity. The usage of propolis for apitherapeutic purposes has increased recently. But its ethanol solubility limits its usage in certain areas like ophthalmology. Main objective of this study is to isolate water soluble components of propolis and determination of its antimicrobial activity against two bacteria causing conjunctivitis namely Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae. Isolation of water soluble fraction of propolis was carried out in two steps by using pectin-propolis micro beads. Isolated water soluble fraction and crude extract was examined by thin layer chromatography and HPLC analyses. Three main spots were screened on TLC plate after isolation. These spots could be explained by the presence of different class of compounds in the isolate. HPLC analyses showed that water soluble fraction contained phenolic acids, their esters and flavonoids like p-OH benzoic acid, t-cinnamic acid, pinocembrin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester. Low antimicrobial activity was achieved against tested microorganisms for the fraction. It can be concluded that isolation of water soluble fraction of the propolis extract could be a solution for its usage in restricted areas.Publication Physicochemical, biochemical and sensory characterizatıon of bee bread from Bursa (Türkiye) regıon(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-09-13) Ergün, Hacer; Taner, Gökçe; Çınar, Aycan Yiğit; Yüceer, Yonca Karagül;Arılar tarafından toplanan polen, çeşitli enzimler ve bal ile karıştırılarak petek gözlerinde depolanır ve burada fermantasyona uğrar. Bu süreç sonunda anaerobik laktik fermantasyon ürünü olan arı ekmeği oluşur. Sonuçta arı ekmeği; işçi arıların topladıkları poleni, salgıladıkları nektar ve özel enzimlerle karıştırıp, petek hücrelerinde paketleyip depoladıkları değerli bir besin maddesidir. Arı ekmeği, yüksek protein içeriği, antioksidanlar, fenolik bileşikler, vitamin ve mineraller ile sağlığa birçok faydalı etkisi olan ve son yıllarda değeri keşfedilmeye başlanan önemli bir arı ürünüdür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bursa ve çevresinden temin edilen arı ekmeği örneğinin fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri ve aroma maddelerinin incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmada kül, nem, yağ, protein, antioksidan aktivite, toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavonoid madde ve aroma analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aroma bileşenlerinin tanımlanması ve yüzde oranlarının belirlenmesi, SPME tekniği kullanılarak GC-MS cihazında yapılmıştır. Arı ekmeğinin nem içeriği %17.89, kül içeriği %2.53, ham yağ içeriği %9.16, ham protein içeriği ise %19.06 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Toplam fenolik madde miktarı 9.91 mg GAE/g, toplam flavonoid madde miktarı 0.32 mg QE/g, CUPRAC aktivitesi 12.97 mg Trolox/g ve TEAC aktivitesi 0.55 mM Trolox/mL olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar literatürdeki diğer çalışmaları desteklemektedir. Parametreler arasındaki anlamlı farklılığın, arı ekmeğinin elde edildiği yer, iklim, bitki örtüsü, toplama zamanı ve toplama yöntemi gibi faktörlerden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.Publication Preference behavior towards mıneral elements by honeybee(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-06-20) Marzouk, Wael Mahmoud; Ahmed, Ahmed KamelThe study was conducted to investigate honeybee preferences for various micronutrients and their concentrations. throughout the summer of 2021 at the Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt, specifically at the apiary of the Bee Research Department. Forager bees showed strong avoidance responses only to high mineral concentrations (2, 1, 0.5%, and 0.25%) for sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium chloride. On the other hand, Foragers bees recorded a high visitation number in low concentrations (0.1, 0.05, 0.025 %, and 0.0125%) for 4 minerals and tap water. The honeybee prefers dilute sodium chloride and its low concentrations (0.0125%), which recorded a higher visitation number among all mineral concentrations under the study. In contrast, the bees exhibited no discernible preferences for the calcium chloride solutions with a low visitation number of 0.1 and 0.05% compared with tap water. The visitation numbers are similar in magnesium and potassium at 0.05, 0.025, and 0.0125% but higher than tap water. The solution was consumed at a concentration of 0.0125 after 139 minutes, a concentration of 0.025 after 142.5 min., and a concentration of 0.05 after a time had passed 157.5 min. The preference factor for NaCl solution was recorded at a concentration of (0.0125) Thus, the bees’ preference for this concentration is higher than their preference for tap water. The lowest preference factor (0.4) was recorded with a CaCl2 solution with a concentration of (0.1). low consumption ratios were recorded for 0.0125% potassium chloride (indicating a preference for the test solution), and higher consumption ratios were reported for 0.1% calcium chloride (indicating avoidance of the test solution).Publication Türkiye propolis su ekstraktlarının antimikrobiyal ve antiviral etkilerinin araştırılması: In vitro çalışma(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-09-09) Cora, Merve; Üreyen Esertaş, Ülkü Zeynep; Kasap, Zeliha Aydın; Kaklıkkaya, Neşe; Kolaylı, SevgiYüzyıllardır tedavi edici ajan olarak kullanılan ve doğal bir arı ürünü olan propolis, mevcut ilaçların yetersiz kalması sonucu yeni bileşenler arayan bilim adamlarının ilgisini çeken doğal kaynaklardan biridir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusundan (Ardahan, Rize, Trabzon) toplanan üç farklı propolis örneğinden su ile hazırlanan propolis ekstraktlarının antimikrobiyal ve antiviral aktivitesi araştırıldı. Ekstraktların toplam fenolik içeriği (TPC) ve toplam flavonoid içeriği (TFC) ölçüldü. TPC ve TFC'nin sırasıyla 5.87±0.36 ila 20.47±1.46 mg GAE g-1 ve 0.48±0.04 ila 2.10±0.22 mg QUE g-1 arasında değiştiği belirlendi. Ekstraktların 14 mikroorganizmaya (Bacillus cereus ATCC14579, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Acinetobacter haemolyticus ATCC 19002, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 ve Candida albicans ATCC 10231) karşı antimikrobiyal aktivitesi ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa biyofilmine etkinliği, ayrıca anti-quorum sensing ve anti-swarming aktiviteleri araştırıldı. Ekstraktların Herpes simpleks virüs tip 1 (HSV-1)’e karşı antiviral aktivitesi, MTT ve qRT-PCR yöntemleriyle test edildi. Çalışmada kullanılan propolis su ekstraktlarının antimikrobiyal, anti-swarming, anti-quorum sensing ve anti-viral aktivite göstermediği, bununla birlikte ekstraktların güçlü anti-biyofilm aktivitesine sahip olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuçlar, propolis su ekstraktlarının bakteri biyofilmi tedavisinde değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir.