Person: ÇALIŞKAN ELEREN, SEVİL
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ÇALIŞKAN ELEREN
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SEVİL
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Publication Sustainable and eco-friendly raw materials for biofuels: Microalgae(Pamukkale Üniversitesi, 2019-01-01) Çalışkan Eleren, Sevil; Öner, Burak; ÇALIŞKAN ELEREN, SEVİL; Öner, Burak; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.; AAH-1297-2021; JLG-1072-2023Microalgae, a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative energy source for the industrial economy and community consumption, has come to the forefront in recent years due to the rapid depletion of oil reserves and consequent negative effects of greenhouse gases on the environment. In this study, the chemical composition of microalgae affecting the selection of biofuel production processes, factors affecting microalgae cultivation, cultivated systems, biofuel production processes and its economic analysis are examined. The content of microalgae affects the conversion processes, and the obtained biofuels from microalgae show differences. As a result of this investigation, it has been concluded that the heat and electricity production may be obtained from burning or gasification of microalgae residues. Biodiesel, bioethanol and methane can also be produced using microalgae. The full-scale applications of algae cultivation for biofuel production with existing technologies are quite expensive. To reduce algal production costs, the regional power plants or the industrial flue gas and the wastewater treatment plants should be used in an effectively and integrally.Publication Levels, distributions, and seasonal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air and pine components(Springer, 2021-05-01) Eleren, Sevil Çalışkan; Taşdemir, Yücel; ÇALIŞKAN ELEREN, SEVİL; TAŞDEMİR, YÜCEL; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü; AAH-1297-2021; GFK-4579-2022Pine tree (Pinus pinea) components have been used as passive air samples for determining atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations. Our results indicated that pine needles and branches were found to be statistically successful in describing the ambient air. Monthly pine needles, branches (1- and 2-year-old) and ambient air samples were collected for 1 year to identify molecular distributions and temporal concentrations of PAHs in a suburban-industrial area. Annual average sigma(14)PAH concentrations for pine needles, 1- and 2-year-old branches, and ambient air were 756 +/- 232 ng/g DW, 685 +/- 350 ng/g DW, 587 +/- 361 ng/g DW, and 28.29 +/- 32.33 ng/m(3), respectively. The order of average sigma(14)PAH concentrations in the pine tree components was determined as needle > 1-year-old branch > 2-year-old branch. In general, concentrations increased with the rise in the surface area of tree components. In the samples, 3- and 4-ring PAHs were dominant compounds in the ambient air, pine needles, and branches. The annual total fraction of 3- and 4-ring PAHs in the air was 98.5%, while the fraction of 5- and 6-ring PAHs was 1.5%. On the other hand, 3- and 4-ring PAHs in pine needles and branches were 30% or more. The fraction and level of PAHs change with the season. Although needle samples did not show any seasonal trend, PAH levels in other tree components changed with the air temperature. Generally, lower values were observed in warmer seasons in the branch samples. Similarly, ambient air PAH concentrations were higher in the winter season due to heating and adverse meteorological conditions.Publication Usage of needle and branches in the applications of bioindicator, source apportionment and risk assessment of pahs(Mdpi, 2022-11-01) Eleren, Sevil Çalışkan; Taşdemir, Yücel; ÇALIŞKAN ELEREN, SEVİL; TAŞDEMİR, YÜCEL; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü; AAH-1297-2021; GFK-4579-2022Biomonitoring studies have enormous benefits providing a fruitful and cost-efficient means of measuring environmental exposure to toxic chemicals. This study collected ambient air and pine tree components, including needles and 1-year-old and 2-year-old branches, for one year. Concentrations, potential sources and temporal variations of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated. In general, lower concentration levels were observed in the warmer months. Ambient PAHs pose a serious public health threat and impose a need for calculating cancer risks. It was also intended to define the best tree component reflecting the ambient air PAHs. The consideration of the representative tree component minimizes the unnecessary laboratory processes and expenses in biomonitoring studies. The coefficient of divergence (COD), diagnostic ratio (DR) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to specify the PAH sources. As a result of the DR and PCA evaluations, the effect of the industrial area has emerged, besides the dominance of the pollutants originating from traffic and combustion. The results have shown that pine needles and branches were mainly affected by similar sources, which also influenced air concentrations. Inhalation cancer risk values were also calculated and they varied between 1.64 x 10(-6) and 3.02 x 10(-5). A potential risk increases in the colder season depending on the ambient air PAH concentrations.