Person: KARLIK, SAİT ESER
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KARLIK
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SAİT ESER
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Publication A mobile application based decision support system using oxygen saturation and pulse rate(IEEE, 2018-01-01) Yıldız, Ömer; Karlık, Sait Eser; IEEE; Yıldız, Ömer; KARLIK, SAİT ESER; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi; 0000-0002-7398-1933; AAJ-2404-2021; I-7580-2016The increase in city populations and the rise in requests about healthcare services created a new area called Smart Healthcare applications. Most of the smart healthcare implementations are used in systems and their components concerning remote control of chronic illnesses. Currently, hospital and doctor visits take a big part in healthcare services for chronic patients. It can be predicted that remote health checks will be easily done for those patients in the near future. In our work, we have developed a decision support system that can be used in remote-monitoring the oxygen saturation and pulse rate values of a patient. In this system, an Android smart phone, a portable and wearable pulse oximeter, an Android Studio 2.2.2 version mobile software development kit have been used. Furthermore, the designed system contains android mobile application, Microsoft SQL database and Microsoft Visual Studio programs. The web interface created with Microsoft Visual Studio is used in real-time transmission of oxygen saturation and pulse rate values to a central patient control system where instantaneous saving of values to the Microsoft SQL database is performed. The system designed in this work has an important potential for smart healthcare applications that will be used in remote control of chronic illnesses.Publication Comparative analysis of the effect of optical fiber spin profiles on polarization mode dispersion(IEEE, 2015-01-01) Sadık, Şerif Ali; Başgümüş, Arif; Durak, Fırat Ertaç; Karlık, Sait Eser; Altuncu, Ahmet; KARLIK, SAİT ESER; Uluda Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü.; AAJ-2404-2021In long-haul and high-bit-rate optical fiber transmission systems Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) is one of the main reasons for pulse broadening. In order to reduce PMD-based problems, current studies rely on novel PMD compensators and low-PMD fiber productions. In this paper, after describing theoretical information about PMD and optical fiber spinning process, different spin profiles are examined. Comparative analysis of spin profiles is made and spin parameters giving successful results for low-PMD fibers are obtained for each spin profile. Simulation results show that for fixed spin period of 1 m 2.76 turns/m and 5.64 turns/m are proper spin amplitude values for sinusoidal and amplitude modulated (AM) spin profiles, respectively, while 3.40 turns/m and 3.75 turns/m are recommended spin amplitudes for triangular and trapezoidal spin profiles, respectively. Using these parameters, related spin profiles give better differential group delay (DGD) reduction results individually.Publication Modelling and numerical analysis of combined dual impact of SRS and FWM on the performance of upstream and downstream channels of a novel UDWDM/DWDM-PON(Elsevier, 2023-11-15) Karlık, Sait Eser; KARLIK, SAİT ESER; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü; AAJ-2404-2021Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is an important method in modern optical communication systems for both long-haul and access networks. Particularly, after being standardized by Telecommunication Standardi-zation Sector of International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T), WDM passive optical network (WDM-PON) becomes a considerable choice for fronthaul implementations of 5G networks. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and four-wave mixing (FWM) are crucial nonlinear impacts that significantly limit the performance of WDM-based optical fiber communication systems. In this paper, an ultra-dense/dense WDM-PON (UDWDM/ DWDM-PON) architecture has been proposed and combined dual impact of SRS and FWM on performances of upstream channels (USCs) and downstream channels (DSCs) of the proposed UDWDM/DWDM-PON has been numerically analyzed. USCs have been assumed to operate in 1310 nm region while operating wavelength region of DSCs has been taken as 1550 nm. Simulations have been performed on both UDWDM-PON architectures with 3.125 GHz and 6.25 GHz channel spacings and DWDM-PON architectures with channel spacings between 12.5 GHz and 100 GHz. 2x15-channel and 2x63-channel system structures have been considered in simulations. Signal-to-crosstalk ratio (SXR) has been chosen as performance parameter and its variation with channel input powers, channel spacings and channel lengths have been simulated for both USCs and DSCs of 2x15-and 2x63-channel UDWDM/DWDM-PONs. Results show that the proposed UDWDM/DWDM-PONs using single G.652 fiber can exhibit a reliable communication with minimum 23 dB SXR performance under combined dual impact of SRS and FWM unless some highlights about input powers and channel lengths mentioned in the paper are neglected.Publication Optimization of spin parameters for spun fibers having low polarization mode dispersion(Elsevier Science Inc, 2019-09-01) Sadık, Şerif Ali; Temurtaş, Hasan; Altuncu, Ahmet; Karlık, Sait Eser; KARLIK, SAİT ESER; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü.; AAJ-2404-2021Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is a dispersive effect caused by the birefringence of the optical fiber. Spinning the fiber with periodic profiles during the drawing process from preform is known as a PMD-reducing process. In this paper, common spin parameters giving successful results in obtaining low PMD for three spin profiles, i.e. sinusoidal, amplitude modulation-suppressed carrier (AM-SC) and amplitude modulation-transmitted carrier (AM-TC), are searched and an optimization problem based on this research is defined. This optimization problem is solved by using Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) and common spin parameters suitable for all discussed spin profiles are obtained. For all spin profiles, optimum common spin parameters are found to be 8.81 turns/m for the spin amplitude and 3.69 m for the spin period. Numerical analysis performed with those optimum spin parameters show that in the short fiber regime the differential group delay (DGD) takes a value under 0.25 fs and the mean DGD value remains lower than 15 fs in long lengths of fiber. The obtained results show that PMD reduction with respect to unspun fibers can be achieved by using optimized spin profiles even in the case of random mode coupling.Publication Modeling and computational analysis of the combined impact of optical kerr nonlinearities on the performance of DWDM long-haul communication systems(Springer, 2023-10-01) Yıldırım, Abbas; Karlık, Sait Eser; Yıldırım, Abbas; KARLIK, SAİT ESER; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Elektronik Mühendisliği Programı; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü; AAJ-2404-2021; KSD-0021-2024Nonlinear impacts arising from Kerr effect cause crucial limitations in the performance of optical communication systems. The combined impact of SPM, XPM and FWM in WDM-based communication systems has rarely been focused on with experimental or numerical methods because of complicated nature of optical nonlinear phenomena, modeling complexity, limitations on testing equipment and difficulties in performing measurements over long distances. Furthermore, in limited number of papers concentrating on the combined impact of SPM, XPM and FWM in WDM-based systems, total impact has generally been determined by summation of results obtained from individual impacts of SPM, XPM and FWM. Thus, the interplay among SPM, XPM and FWM has often been neglected. In this paper, the combined impact of SPM, XPM and FWM in DWDM long-haul communication systems has been modeled and computationally analyzed. Variations of signal-to-crosstalk ratio (SXR) with input powers of channels and channel spacings under the combined impact of SPM, XPM and FWM and the single impact of FWM have been observed and compared. Comparison of research results with results of former studies has also been presented. Research results show that combined impact of SPM, XPM and FWM is significant below 100 GHz channel spacings for input powers of 3 mW and 5 mW, below 50 GHz channel spacings for 1 mW input powers and below 30 GHz channel spacings for 0.5 mW input powers. For input powers of 0.1 mW, instead of the combined impact of SPM, XPM and FWM, single impact of FWM can be considered.Publication Combined impact of SRS, FWM and ASE noise in UDWDM/DWDM long-haul communication systems using EDFAS(Elsevier, 2022-09-29) Kılınçarslan, Kübra; Karlık, Sait Eser; KILINÇARSLAN, KÜBRA; KARLIK, SAİT ESER; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü; 0000-0003-4124-9921; AAJ-2404-2021; AAH-4170-2021In this paper, the combined impact of SRS, FWM and ASE noise in center channels of 7-, 15-, 31- and 63-channel UDWDM/DWDM long-haul multi-span optical fiber communication systems using different numbers of EDFAs has been analyzed with simulations. UDWDM/DWDM systems with varying system parameters, i.e. channel input powers, channel spacing values, multi-span fiber lengths and numbers of EDFAs, have been taken into account in simulations. Comparative OSNR simulation results satisfying a minimum 23 dB OSNR criterion under the combined impact of SRS, FWM and ASE noise have been presented and evaluated. OSNR vs channel input power simulation results show that FWM becomes the most dominant effect with respect to SRS and ASE noise in UDWDM systems. Therefore, OSNR values decrease as channel input powers increase in multi-span UDWDM systems having 3.125 GHz and 6.25 GHz channel spacing values. However, both ASE noise and SRS become more dominant with respect to FWM in DWDM systems with 100 GHz channel spacing values. OSNR values increase as the channel input powers increase in those multi-span DWDM systems. Simulation results for OSNR vs channel spacing values show that OSNR values obtained in multi-span UDWDM systems increase as channel spacing values increase in the 3.125 GHz-6.25 GHz range. This is due to the decrease in FWM crosstalk, which has a dominant effect in UDWDM systems, with increasing channel spacing values in those UDWDM systems. However, OSNR values obtained in multi-span DWDM systems decrease as channel spacing values increase in the 12.5 GHz-100 GHz range. This is due to the increase in ASE noise, which has a dominant effect in DWDM systems, with increasing optical filter bandwidths of those DWDM systems. OSNR vs channel length simulation results show that OSNR values generally decrease with increasing total fiber lengths and inter-amplifier fiber lengths in both UDWDM and DWDM multi-span systems. This is due to the FWM crosstalk and the ASE noise, which become more dominant with respect to the SRS as the total fiber length and inter-amplifier fiber lengths increase. Simulation results for OSNR vs number of EDFAs show that OSNR values obtained in multi-span UDWDM systems having 3.125 GHz channel spacing values decrease with increasing numbers of EDFAs. However, OSNR values in multi-span UDWDM/DWDM systems having 6.25 GHz-100 GHz channel spacing range increase with increasing numbers of EDFAs. Simulation results provide important clues for the design and implementation of reliable long-haul UDWDM/DWDM systems.