Publication: Edessa mozaiklerindeki mitolojik unsurlar üzerine değerlendirme
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Date
2024-09-29
Authors
Authors
Çokoğullu, Seçil
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Abstract
Edessa (Şanlıurfa, Türkiye) Seleukoslar tarafından kurulmuş bir kenttir. Seleukosların zayıfladığı dönemde İÖ 132 - İS 242 yılları arasında Oshroene bölgesinde hüküm süren Edessa Krallığı’nın başkentidir. Kent bir taraftan yerel kültürel özelliklerini korurken bir taraftan da konumu sebebiyle doğusundaki ve batısındaki kültürlerin etkisinde kalmıştır. Bugüne kadar ele geçen mozaikler, Edessa ve çevresinde İS 2. - 7. yüzyıllar arasında bir mozaik geleneğinin olduğunu açıkça gösterir. Mozaiklerin çoğunluğu figüratif olmakla birlikte geniş bir konu çeşitliliğine sahiptir. Bu mozaiklerde bölgeye özgü gelenekler ve inanç sistemlerinin yanı sıra aslında kuruluşuyla başlayan Roma hakimiyetiyle ve Hristiyanlığın yayılmasıyla devam eden batı mitolojisinin yansımaları dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Edessa’nın Hristiyanlık öncesi yerel inanç ve dil özellikleri ile Hellen ve Hellen kökenli Roma mitolojisinin Edessa’nın yayınlanmış mozaiklerinde kendini gösteren özellikleri ikonografik açıdan ortaya konmuştur. Bu unsurların tarihsel süreç içindeki ele alınış biçimleri ve farklılıkları ile Edessa’nın inanç sistemindeki değişimin mozaiklerdeki yansımaları üzerine genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Edessa (Sanliurfa, Turkey) is a city founded by the Seleucids. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Edessa, which ruled in the Oshroene region between 132 BC and 242 AD, when the Seleucids weakened. While preserving its local cultural characteristics, the city was influenced by the cultures to the east and west due to its location. The mosaics recovered to date clearly show that there was a mosaic tradition in and around Edessa between the 2nd and 7th centuries AD. Although the majority of the mosaics are figurative, they have a wide variety of subjects. In these mosaics, in addition to the traditions and belief systems specific to the region, the reflections of western mythology, which actually began with the foundation of the city and continued with the Roman domination and the spread of Christianity, draw attention. In this study, the pre-Christian local beliefs and language features of Edessa and the Hellenic and Hellenicorigin Roman mythology manifested in the published mosaics of Edessa are presented iconographically. A general evaluation was made on how these elements were handled and their differences in the historical process and the reflections of the changes in the belief system of Edessa on the mosaics
Edessa (Sanliurfa, Turkey) is a city founded by the Seleucids. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Edessa, which ruled in the Oshroene region between 132 BC and 242 AD, when the Seleucids weakened. While preserving its local cultural characteristics, the city was influenced by the cultures to the east and west due to its location. The mosaics recovered to date clearly show that there was a mosaic tradition in and around Edessa between the 2nd and 7th centuries AD. Although the majority of the mosaics are figurative, they have a wide variety of subjects. In these mosaics, in addition to the traditions and belief systems specific to the region, the reflections of western mythology, which actually began with the foundation of the city and continued with the Roman domination and the spread of Christianity, draw attention. In this study, the pre-Christian local beliefs and language features of Edessa and the Hellenic and Hellenicorigin Roman mythology manifested in the published mosaics of Edessa are presented iconographically. A general evaluation was made on how these elements were handled and their differences in the historical process and the reflections of the changes in the belief system of Edessa on the mosaics
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Keywords
Edessa, Roma Dönemi, Figüratif mozaik, Mitoloji, İkonograf, Roman period, Figural mosaic, Mythology, Iconography.