Osmanlı aile yapısının millet sistemi içindeki konumu
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Date
2020-01-31
Authors
Koç, Elif Merve
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Çalışmada ilk olarak Osmanlı Devleti içerisinde yaşayan toplulukların, idari yapılanmalarında uygulanan millet sistemi ele alınmıştır. İslam devletlerinin temel esasına dayanan “ümmet” anlayışıyla yürütülen bu idari sistem; toplulukların aile yapısına da sirayet etmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’ne özgü sosyal düzen olan millet sisteminde bireyler. Dâhil oldukları mabetler ekseninde idare olunurdu. Osmanlı topraklarında yaşayan topluluklar, dini aidiyet ile zikredilir; mahalli oluşumlar, içtimai düzen ve toplumsal normlar din ekseninde özerk bir formda şekillenirdi. Osmanlı Devleti, her milletin kendi idari düzenini yürütmesine izin vermekteydi. Aynı topraklar üzerinde ayrı dil, din ve ırka mensup topluluklar bir arada yaşamış; bu durum topluluklara benzer sosyal alışkanlıklara ve kültür etkileşimlerine sahip olma imkânı sağlamıştır. Farklı din ve mezhep isimleriyle anılan milletlerin aile müessesine bakışı, evlilik ve çocuk sayıları gibi detayların incelendiği çalışma; sosyal hayattaki benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Toplum hayatının en temel birimi olan ailenin, Osmanlı millet sistemi içerisindeki konumu çalışmanın asıl konusunu oluşturmaktadır.
In the study, firstly, it was discussed the nation system, which was implemented in the administrative structures of the communities living in the Ottoman Empire. This administrative system executed with “ummah” conception based on the basic principles of Islamic states spread to the family structure of communities. Individuals in the nation system which is the social order peculiar to the Ottoman Empire were administered on the axis of their sanctuaries they affiliated. Communities living in Ottoman territories were mentioned with religious identity; local entities, social order and social norms were shaped in an autonomous form on the basis of religion. The Ottoman Empire allowed every nation to execute its own administrative order. Communities which had different language, religion and race lived together in the same territories; this provided to them to have the opportunities of similar social habits and cultural interactions. The study examined the details such as the view of family organization, marriage and the number of children of the communities, mentioned as different religion and sectarian names, is aimed to reveal similarities and differences in social life. The position of the family, which is the most basic unit of the life of the society, within the Ottoman nation system is the main subject of the study.
In the study, firstly, it was discussed the nation system, which was implemented in the administrative structures of the communities living in the Ottoman Empire. This administrative system executed with “ummah” conception based on the basic principles of Islamic states spread to the family structure of communities. Individuals in the nation system which is the social order peculiar to the Ottoman Empire were administered on the axis of their sanctuaries they affiliated. Communities living in Ottoman territories were mentioned with religious identity; local entities, social order and social norms were shaped in an autonomous form on the basis of religion. The Ottoman Empire allowed every nation to execute its own administrative order. Communities which had different language, religion and race lived together in the same territories; this provided to them to have the opportunities of similar social habits and cultural interactions. The study examined the details such as the view of family organization, marriage and the number of children of the communities, mentioned as different religion and sectarian names, is aimed to reveal similarities and differences in social life. The position of the family, which is the most basic unit of the life of the society, within the Ottoman nation system is the main subject of the study.
Description
Bu makale, 19-21 Nisan 2018’de Yeditepe Üniversitesi I. Uluslararası Türk Kültürü ve Tarihi Sempozyumu’nda sunulan bildirinin gözden geçirilerek genişletilmiş hâlidir.
Keywords
Millet sistemi, Osmanlı Devleti toplumsal hayatı, Osmanlı’da aile, Osmanlı aile tipolojisi, The nation system, The social life of the Ottoman State, The family in the Ottoman, The Ottoman family typology
Citation
Koç, E.M. (2020). “Osmanlı aile yapısının millet sistemi içindeki konumu”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(38), 421-442.