Liman atık kabul tesislerinde sintine suyu arıtma çamuru özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için yeni yaklaşımlar
Date
2024
Authors
Özdoğan, Nurullah
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Günümüzde dünya ticaretinin % 90'ı deniz yoluyla sağlanmaktadır. Ancak gemilerin iç kısımlarının yıkama sularının illegal şekilde denizlere deşarj edilmesiyle ciddi oranda deniz kirliliği meydana gelmektedir. Uluslararası Hukuk düzenlemeleri uyarınca gemiler, ürettikleri atıkları limanlarda belirlenen lisanslı atık kabul tesislerine vermekle yükümlüdür. Bu tesislerdeki en büyük problemlerden biri ise suyun fizikokimyasal arıtımından sonra oluşan yüksek hacimlerde ve tehlikeli madde içeriğine sahip arıtma çamurlarıdır. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Türkiye'nin en büyük liman atık kabul tesislerinden birinde sintine suyu arıtma prosesi sırasında oluşan arıtma çamurunun özelliklerini iyileştirmek için verimli, uygun maliyetli, çevre ve sağlık dostu etkin bir yöntemin araştırılmasıdır. Bu kapsamda, tesis içerisinde bir pilot ölçekli ünite kurularak sintine suyu arıtma çamuruna farklı deney şartları (ultrasonik güç, koagülan dozajı, işletme süresi, altında; (i) filtre pres, (ii) ultrases + filtre pres, (iii) ultrases + koagülan + filtre pres prosesleri uygulanmış ve birbirleri ile mukayese edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, Ultrases (US) tek başına kullanıldığında, su içeriği, Toplam Organik Karbon (TOK) ve Kızdırma Kaybı (LOI) değerlerini etkilemediği görülmüştür. US, 100W/L ultrasonik güç ve 60 dakika işlem süresi ile çamurun Çözünmüş Organik Karbon (ÇOK) değerini %45 azaltırken, ultrases uygulama süresindeki artış (400 W/L), Toplam Çözünen Katı (TÇK) ve klorür parametrelerinin gideriminde sırasıyla % 10 ve % 22iyileştirme sağlamıştır. Ultrasonik gücün 300 W/L, potasyum metoksit dozajının 500mg/L ve işletme süresinin 60 dakika olduğu şartlarda, ÇOK giderimi % 40 seviyelerine, TÇK konsantrasyonu 4020 mg/L seviyelerine indirilmesi ve yine klorürkonsantrasyonunda da 1. Sınıf limit değerinin karşılandığı görülmüştür. Çamur keki TOK içeriğinin ise, 100-400 W/L arasındaki ultrasonik güç ve 60 dakika işletme süresi ile azaltılsa da 1. Sınıf limit değeri elde edilememiştir. Ultrasonik gücün 300 W/L, koagülandozajının 1000 mg/L ve işletme süresinin 60 dakika olduğu optimum şartlarda, çamur su içeriği % 65,71’e, LOI içeriği ise % 56 seviyesine düşürülmüş olsa da sınır limit değerleri karşılanamamıştır. Çalışmanın umut verici sonuçlarının, daha önce araştırılmamış olansintine suyu çamurunun işlenmesi için yeni bir alternatif ve yol gösterici bir rehber olması öngörülmektedir.
Today, 90% of world trade is carried out by sea. However, serious marine pollution occurs when the washing water of the interior of ships is illegally discharged into the sea. In accordance with International Law regulations, ships are obliged to deliver the waste they produce to licensed waste reception facilities designated in ports. One of the biggest problems in these facilities is the high volumes of treatment sludge with hazardous substance content formed after the physicochemical treatment of water. The main purpose of this study is to investigate an efficient, cost-effective, environmentally, and health-friendly method to improve the properties of the sewage sludge formed during the bilge water treatment process in one of Turkey's largest port waste reception facilities. In this context, a pilot scale unit was established within the facility and the bilge water treatment sludge was processed under different test conditions (ultrasonic power, coagulant dosage, operating time; (i) filter press, (ii) ultrasound + filter press, (iii) ultrasound + coagulant + filter press processes were applied and compared with each other. According to the study results, it was seen that Ultrasound (US) did not affect the water content, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), and Loss on Ignition (LOI) values when used alone. US used 100 W/L ultrasonic power and While the Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) value of the sludge was reduced by 45% with a 60-minute treatment time, the increase in ultrasound application time (400 W/L) provided a 10% and 22% improvement in the removal of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and chloride parameters, respectively. Under conditions where the W/L potassium methoxide dosage was 500 mg/L and the operating time was 60 minutes, it was observed that DOC removal was reduced to 40%, TDS concentration was reduced to 4020 mg/L, and the Class 1 limit value was also met in the chloride concentration. Although the TOC content of the sludge cake was reduced by ultrasonic power between 100-400 W/L and 60 minutes of operation time, the limit value could not be achieved. Under optimum conditions where ultrasonic power was 300 W/L, coagulant dosage was 1000 mg/L and operating time was 60 minutes, the sludge water content was reduced to 65.71% and the LOI content was reduced to 56%, but the limit values were not met. The results of the study are expected to provide a new alternative and guiding guide for the processing of bilge water sludge, which has not been investigated before.
Today, 90% of world trade is carried out by sea. However, serious marine pollution occurs when the washing water of the interior of ships is illegally discharged into the sea. In accordance with International Law regulations, ships are obliged to deliver the waste they produce to licensed waste reception facilities designated in ports. One of the biggest problems in these facilities is the high volumes of treatment sludge with hazardous substance content formed after the physicochemical treatment of water. The main purpose of this study is to investigate an efficient, cost-effective, environmentally, and health-friendly method to improve the properties of the sewage sludge formed during the bilge water treatment process in one of Turkey's largest port waste reception facilities. In this context, a pilot scale unit was established within the facility and the bilge water treatment sludge was processed under different test conditions (ultrasonic power, coagulant dosage, operating time; (i) filter press, (ii) ultrasound + filter press, (iii) ultrasound + coagulant + filter press processes were applied and compared with each other. According to the study results, it was seen that Ultrasound (US) did not affect the water content, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), and Loss on Ignition (LOI) values when used alone. US used 100 W/L ultrasonic power and While the Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) value of the sludge was reduced by 45% with a 60-minute treatment time, the increase in ultrasound application time (400 W/L) provided a 10% and 22% improvement in the removal of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and chloride parameters, respectively. Under conditions where the W/L potassium methoxide dosage was 500 mg/L and the operating time was 60 minutes, it was observed that DOC removal was reduced to 40%, TDS concentration was reduced to 4020 mg/L, and the Class 1 limit value was also met in the chloride concentration. Although the TOC content of the sludge cake was reduced by ultrasonic power between 100-400 W/L and 60 minutes of operation time, the limit value could not be achieved. Under optimum conditions where ultrasonic power was 300 W/L, coagulant dosage was 1000 mg/L and operating time was 60 minutes, the sludge water content was reduced to 65.71% and the LOI content was reduced to 56%, but the limit values were not met. The results of the study are expected to provide a new alternative and guiding guide for the processing of bilge water sludge, which has not been investigated before.
Description
Keywords
Liman atık kabul tesisleri, Sintine suyu, Arıtma çamuru, Çamur stabilizasyonu, Susuzlaştırma, Ultrases, Koagülan, Port reception facilities, Bilge water, Treatment sludge, Sludge stabilization, Dewatering, Ultrasound, Coagulant
Citation
Özdoğan, N. (2024). Liman atık kabul tesislerinde sintine suyu arıtma çamuru özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için yeni yaklaşımlar. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.