Aktif sporcularda ve spor yapmamış kişilerde ısınmanın oluşumu, değişik ısınma türlerinin performansa etkisi
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Date
1993
Authors
Koçyiğit, Fuat
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Çalışmamızda aktif sporcu ve aktif spor yapmayanlarda ısınma oluşum zamanı (IOZ); IOZ'ını etkileyen faktörler ve formel bölümünde ön Yükleme (ÖY) uygulanan ısınma ile ÖY uygulanmayan ısınmanın performans türleri üzerindeki etkisi incelendi. Ölçümlerde 36 'sı çeşitli kulüplerde aktif spor yapan (Yaşı x:19,61), 29'u ise düzenli spor yapmayan ( Yaş :x=18,82 ) toplam 65 denek yer aldı. 20 aktif sporcu (Yası x=19,65) ve 20 düzenli spor yapmayan (Yas x=19,9) toplam 40 denek MAxVO2' nin %60'ı düzeyinde egzersiz yükü ile ergometrik bisiklette çalıştırılarak IOZ 'lan tesbit edildi. IOZ aktif sporcu ve spor yapmayanlarda farklı görülmedi (p>0,05). Isınmayı etkileyen faktörlerden MaxV02 ; vücut yağ yüzdesi (VY%); relatif ısınma egzersiz yükü (RIEY); yağsız vücut ağırlığı (Ysız VA)nın lOZ'na etkisi incelendi. Saydığımız bu faktörler ile IOZ arasında anlamlı ilişki bulundu (p<0,05). Değişik ısınma türlerinin performans türleri üzerindeki et kisine yönelik ölçümlerde iki farklı ısınma protokolü uygulandı. İlk protokolde denekler ısınmanın informel bölümünde MaxV02 nın %60 yükte bisiklet egzersizi ile ısıtıldı. İkinci protokolde MaxVOa nin %60 ile uygulanan egzersizin üzerine formel bölümünde 1,5-2 dakika ara ile 6 sn'lik maksimal şiddette 4 adet ön yüklenme uygulandı. Ayrı ayrı her iki protokolle ısınma sonrası performans türlerine yönelik testler uygulandı. Aerobik güç PWC-170 testi ile, alaktik ve laktik anaerobik güç, wingate testi ile; sürat, 30 m sürat testi ile; patlayıcı kuvvet ise sargent dikey sıçrama testi ile ölçüldü. Sonuçta OY uygulanan ısınmanın aerobik gücü, alaktik ve laktik anaerobik gücü, sürati ve patlayıcı kuvveti anlamlı düzeyde arttırdığı saptandı. Sözü edilen parametreler ile IOZ arasında yüksek düzeyde (p<0,01) anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Isınma ve ÖY ile performans testleri arasında verdiğimiz 5 dakika aktif dinlenme zamanının etkisini incelemeye yönelik çalışmada ısınmanın geri dönüşümü 10 denek (Yas x=19,7) üzerin de izlendi. ÖY'nin oral sıcaklığı (SO) kısa süre ile arttırdığı, ancak bu artışın 5 dakika içinde informel bölüm sonundaki düzeye döndüğü ve bu düzeyde uzun süre korunduğu tesbit edildi. ÖY'nin Sinir İleti Hızına (SİH) etkisini incelemeye yönelik 12 denekte EMG uygulamasıyla yaptığımız çalışmada SIH'nm ısın manın informel bölüm ve ÖY sonunda arttığı saptandı. SIH, ÖY sonra 5'ci dakikada informel sonu düzeye göre bir miktar artma gösterdi, ancak bu fark istatistiki açıdan anlamlı çıkmadı (p>0,05). Ulaştığımız bu bulgular İOZ'nın bireysel farklılıklardan etkilendiğini ve ısınmada uygulanan ÖY'nin performans türlerini geliştirdiğini göstermektedir.
In our study, warm-up produce time in active sportsmen as well as in non-active sportsmen; the factors effecting it (WPT);the effects of warming up with prior exercise and non- prior exercise on the types of performance in the formal phase were examined. Totally 65-subjects, 36 active sportsmen from various clubs and 29 non-active sportsmen contributed to our study in the measurements. To determine their warm-up produce time (WPT), totally 40 subjects-half of them active, half of them non-active sportsmen were tested on a ergometric bicycle with %60 MaxVOa, WPT wasn't different in both of them. The effects of MaxVOa, body fat %, relative warm-up exercise load and free fat weight to WPT were examined. A significant relationship between the factors above and WPT was found (p<0,05). The different warm-up protocols were applied in the measurements about the effects of different warm-up variety ever the performance kinds. In the first protocol, the subjects were heated with bicycle exercise (MaxVOz %60) in the formal phase. In the second protocol, 4 prior exercises (with an interval of 1,5 minutes and with maximal intensity lasting 6 seconds) were applied on the exercise xust mentioned. And tests were applied on the performance kinds related with both sorts of warming up, that is, first and second protocol. Aerobic power was measured with the test PWC-170; alactic and lactic anaerobic power was measured with Wingate test basic speed was measured with 30 m. speed test ad explosive power was measured with sargent high jump test. As a result, it was seen that a warm-up with prior exercise was augmenting aerobic power, alactic and lactic power, basic speed and explosive power considerably. The recovery of warm-up tested on 10 subjects for the effects of active rest time lasting 5 minutes which was given between warm-up with prior exercise and performance tests. It was seen that prior exercise was making increase in oral temperature for a short time but after five minutes it returned to the level at the end of informal phase and kept it for a long time. In our study with EMG method on twelve subjects, related to the effection of Prior Exercise (PE) on impluse speed (IS), it is fixed that the heat of IS has increased as a result of in informal phose and prior exercise. Impluse speed has deffered a little increase after 5 minutes according to the level of informal end, but this difference is not important in angle of the statistic. These facts prove that warm-up produce time is effected by individual differences and prior exercise makes an increase on performance kinds.
In our study, warm-up produce time in active sportsmen as well as in non-active sportsmen; the factors effecting it (WPT);the effects of warming up with prior exercise and non- prior exercise on the types of performance in the formal phase were examined. Totally 65-subjects, 36 active sportsmen from various clubs and 29 non-active sportsmen contributed to our study in the measurements. To determine their warm-up produce time (WPT), totally 40 subjects-half of them active, half of them non-active sportsmen were tested on a ergometric bicycle with %60 MaxVOa, WPT wasn't different in both of them. The effects of MaxVOa, body fat %, relative warm-up exercise load and free fat weight to WPT were examined. A significant relationship between the factors above and WPT was found (p<0,05). The different warm-up protocols were applied in the measurements about the effects of different warm-up variety ever the performance kinds. In the first protocol, the subjects were heated with bicycle exercise (MaxVOz %60) in the formal phase. In the second protocol, 4 prior exercises (with an interval of 1,5 minutes and with maximal intensity lasting 6 seconds) were applied on the exercise xust mentioned. And tests were applied on the performance kinds related with both sorts of warming up, that is, first and second protocol. Aerobic power was measured with the test PWC-170; alactic and lactic anaerobic power was measured with Wingate test basic speed was measured with 30 m. speed test ad explosive power was measured with sargent high jump test. As a result, it was seen that a warm-up with prior exercise was augmenting aerobic power, alactic and lactic power, basic speed and explosive power considerably. The recovery of warm-up tested on 10 subjects for the effects of active rest time lasting 5 minutes which was given between warm-up with prior exercise and performance tests. It was seen that prior exercise was making increase in oral temperature for a short time but after five minutes it returned to the level at the end of informal phase and kept it for a long time. In our study with EMG method on twelve subjects, related to the effection of Prior Exercise (PE) on impluse speed (IS), it is fixed that the heat of IS has increased as a result of in informal phose and prior exercise. Impluse speed has deffered a little increase after 5 minutes according to the level of informal end, but this difference is not important in angle of the statistic. These facts prove that warm-up produce time is effected by individual differences and prior exercise makes an increase on performance kinds.
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Keywords
Isınma zamanı, Ön yükleme, Isınma çeşitleri, Warm-up time, Prior exercise, Warp-up wariety
Citation
Koçyiğit F. (1993). Aktif sporcularda ve spor yapmamış kişilerde ısınmanın oluşumu, değişik ısınma türlerinin performansa etkisi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.