Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde mekanik ventilasyon tedavisi gören yenidoğanların retrospektif değerlendirilmesi
Date
2002-03-22
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Solunum yetersizliği olan hastaların desteklenmesi amacıyla uygulanılan mekanik ventilasyon, özellikle yenidoğanlarda olmak üzere morbidite ve mortalite oranlarını önemli ölçüde etkileyen bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmamızda Uludağ Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları yenidoğan yoğunbakım ünitesinde Kasım 1997-Ocak 2000 tarihleri arasında mekanik ventilasyon tedavisi alan 101 yenidoğan değerlendirildi. Olgularımızın 69’u erkek, 32’si kız, 35’i term, 66’sı pretermdi. Gestasyon haftaları 33.7±4, doğum ağırlıkları 2141±827 gr bulundu. Olguların 67’si hastanemizde doğurtulmuştu, 34’ü ise diğer hastanelerden sevk edilmişti. Ortalama yatış süreleri 25.8±15.1 gündü. Mekanik ventilasyon tedavisi başlama endikasyonları olguların %51’inde respiratuar distres sendromu, %15’inde apne, %12’sinde hipoksik iskemik ensefalopati, %12’sinde sepsis, %7’sinde mekonyum aspirasyonu ve %3’ünde konjenital anomalilerdi. Mekanik ventilasyon sırasında ortaya çıkan komplikasyonların başında nozokomiyal infeksiyon (%26) geliyordu, bunu intraventriküler hemoraji (%14.8), ve pnömotoraks (%10.8) izliyordu. Bronkopulmoner displazi görülme oranı %13 olarak saptandı. Olguların 36’sı eksitus oldu. Solunum desteğine gereksinimi duyacak sorunların (prematürite, hipoksik doğum gibi) önlenmesi ve ventilatöre bağlanan yenidoğanlarda ise minimum girişim, sterilizasyon, permisif hiperkapni, uygun destek tedavisi gibi yöntemlerle morbidite ve mortalite oranların iyileştirilmesinin mümkün olabileceği düşünüldü.
Mechanical ventilation is used to support patients with respiratory insufficiency considerably influences the mortality and the morbidity ratios especially in newborns. In this study we evaluated 101 newborns who were mechanically ventilated between November 1997 and January 2000 in Uludağ University neonatal intensive care unit. Of them 69 were male, and 32 were female and 35 were term, and 66 were preterm. Their mean gestational age was 33.7±4 weeks and their mean birth weight was 2141±827 grams. Sixty-seven of the cases were born in our hospital and the remaining 34 were referred from other hospitals. Their mean hospital stay was found as 25.8±15.1 days. The indications of mechanical ventilation was respiratory distress syndrome in 51%, apnea in 15%, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in 12%, septicemia in 12%, meconium aspiration syndrome in 7%, and congenital anomalies in 3%. The most complication during mechanical ventilation was nosocomial infection (26%). The other frequent complications were intraventricular hemorrhage (14.8%), and pneumothorax (10.8%). Bronchopulmonary displasia, as a late complication, was seen in 13% of the cases. Thirty-six of our cases died. It was thought that it could be possible to improve the morbidity and mortality ratios by preventing the problems (like prematurity, hypoxic birth), which would need respiratory support and mechanical ventilated newborns, with approaches such as minimal intervention, proper sterilization, permissive hypercapnia and proper supportive treatments.
Mechanical ventilation is used to support patients with respiratory insufficiency considerably influences the mortality and the morbidity ratios especially in newborns. In this study we evaluated 101 newborns who were mechanically ventilated between November 1997 and January 2000 in Uludağ University neonatal intensive care unit. Of them 69 were male, and 32 were female and 35 were term, and 66 were preterm. Their mean gestational age was 33.7±4 weeks and their mean birth weight was 2141±827 grams. Sixty-seven of the cases were born in our hospital and the remaining 34 were referred from other hospitals. Their mean hospital stay was found as 25.8±15.1 days. The indications of mechanical ventilation was respiratory distress syndrome in 51%, apnea in 15%, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in 12%, septicemia in 12%, meconium aspiration syndrome in 7%, and congenital anomalies in 3%. The most complication during mechanical ventilation was nosocomial infection (26%). The other frequent complications were intraventricular hemorrhage (14.8%), and pneumothorax (10.8%). Bronchopulmonary displasia, as a late complication, was seen in 13% of the cases. Thirty-six of our cases died. It was thought that it could be possible to improve the morbidity and mortality ratios by preventing the problems (like prematurity, hypoxic birth), which would need respiratory support and mechanical ventilated newborns, with approaches such as minimal intervention, proper sterilization, permissive hypercapnia and proper supportive treatments.
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Keywords
Mekanik ventilasyon, Mechanical ventilation, Yenidoğan, Newborn
Citation
Köksal, N. (2002). "Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde mekanik ventilasyon tedavisi gören yenidoğanların retrospektif değerlendirilmesi". Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 1-4.