Cerrahi geciktirmenin (delaying) distal pediküllü nörokutanöz fleplerin yaşayabilirliğine etkisi-klinik çalışma
Date
2004
Authors
Özdamar, Erkut
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bacak distali, ayak bileği, topuk ve ayak dorsumundaki yumuşak doku kayıplarının rekonstrüksiyonu, sık karşılaşılan ve zor bir durumdur. Bu doku kayıplarının örtümünün zor olması, bu bölgedeki cildin mobilitesinin ve miktannın sınırlı olmasından ve kutanöz dolaşımın relatif olarak zayıf olmasından kaynaklanır. Bacak distali ve ayaktaki yumuşak doku kayıplarının örtümü için çok sayıda flep tanımlanmıştır. Çok sayıda flep seçeneği bulunmasına karşın rekonstrüksiyon için en uygun flebin hangisi olduğu hala tartışmalıdır. Alt ekstremite rekonstrüksiyonu için distal pediküllü nörokutanöz fleplerin kullanımı son 10 yılda popüler olmuş ve bu fleplerin kullanımı ile ilgili olarak literatürde çoğunlukla olumlu sonuçlar bildirilmiştir. Nörokutanöz fleplerin kanlanması perivenöz ve perinöral arteriyollere bağlı olduğu için düşük akımlı fleplerdir ve bu flepler, özellikle de distal pediküllü olarak kullanıldıklarında, venöz konjesyona eğilimlidirler. Bu etkenler flep nekrozu riskim' arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışma distal pediküllü nörokutanöz fleplerde cerrahi geciktirme uygulanarak flep yaşayabiliriiğinin arttırılıp arttırılamayacağını araştırmak amacıyla planlandı. Bu amaçla; 10 olguda toplam 11 adet cerrahi geciktirme uygulanmayan distal pediküllü nörokutanöz flep (kontrol grubu) ve 12 olguda toplam 12 adet distal pediküllü nörokutanöz flep (çalışma grubu) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Distal pediküllü nörokutanöz fleplerde cerrahi geciktirme uygulamasının flep yaşayabilirliğine ve flep nekrozu oranlarına etkisi incelendi. Cerrahi geciktirme uygulanan ve uygulanmayan fleplerde görülen parsiyel ve total flep nekrozu oranları ve diğer cerrahi komplikasyonlar kaydedildi. Cerrahi geciktirme uygulanmayan (kontrol grubu) 11 flepte, 7 parsiyel ve 2 total olmak üzere toplam 9 adet (%81,8) flepte nekroz olduğu görüldü. Cerrahi geciktirme uygulanan (çalışma grubu) 12 flepte, 3 parsiyel ve 1 total olmak üzere toplam 4 adet (%33,3) flepte nekroz olduğu görüldü. Kontrol ve çalışma gruplarında görülen flep nekrozu oranları istatistik olarak "Fisher kesin olasılık testi" ile değerlendirildi ve aradaki fark istatistik olarak anlamlı bulundu (p[0,02). Sonuç olarak; distal pediküllü nörokutanöz fleplerin, cerrahi geciktirme uygulaması ile yaşayabilirliğinin artabileceği ve bu nedenle, alt ekstremite rekonstrüksiyonunda daha güvenli bir şekilde kullanılabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Cerrahi geciktirme, özellikle subklinik veya klinik olarak belirgin kutanöz dolaşım bozukluğu riski bulunan olgularda gözönünde bulundurulmalıdır.
The reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the lower leg, around the ankle, heel, and dorsum of the foot presents a frequent and challenging problem. The difficulty of reconstruction of these defects arises from the limited mobility and amount of the overlying skin, and the relatively poor cutaneous circulation of this region. Numerous flaps have been described for reconstruction of the soft tissue defects of the lower leg and foot. Despite the great number Of available flaps, the choice of the most suitable flap for reconstruction still remains controversial. Distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps have gained popularity for the lower extremity reconstruction during the last decade, and mostly favorable results have been reported, regarding their use, in the literature. Neurocutaneous flaps are low-flow flaps since their vascular supply depends on perivenous and perineural arterioles and these flaps are prone to venous congestion especially if they are used as distally pedicled flaps. These factors increase the risk of flap necrosis. This study was carried out in order to investigate whether an increase in the viability of distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps could be obtained via surgical delaying. For this purpose, 11 surgically non-delayed distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps in 10 patients (control group) and 12 surgically delayed distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps in 12 patients (study group) were included in this study. The effect of surgical delaying on flap viability and on rates of flap necrosis in distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps was examined. The rates of partial and total flap necrosis and other surgical complications observed in surgically delayed and non-delayed flaps were noted. Among 11 surgically non-delayed flaps (control group) 9 of those showed necrosis (81,8%), 7 were partial and 2 were total. Among 12 surgically delayed flaps (study group), 4 of those showed necrosis (33,3%), 3 were partial and 1 was total. The rates of flap necrosis which were seen in the study and the control groups were statistically assessed by using Fisher's exact test and the difference between the two groups was found to be statistically significant (p<0,02). As a conclusion, the viability of distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps may be used more safely in lower extremity reconstruction. Surgical detaying should especially be considered in cases that have risk of subclinical or clinically evident cutaneous circulation problems.
The reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the lower leg, around the ankle, heel, and dorsum of the foot presents a frequent and challenging problem. The difficulty of reconstruction of these defects arises from the limited mobility and amount of the overlying skin, and the relatively poor cutaneous circulation of this region. Numerous flaps have been described for reconstruction of the soft tissue defects of the lower leg and foot. Despite the great number Of available flaps, the choice of the most suitable flap for reconstruction still remains controversial. Distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps have gained popularity for the lower extremity reconstruction during the last decade, and mostly favorable results have been reported, regarding their use, in the literature. Neurocutaneous flaps are low-flow flaps since their vascular supply depends on perivenous and perineural arterioles and these flaps are prone to venous congestion especially if they are used as distally pedicled flaps. These factors increase the risk of flap necrosis. This study was carried out in order to investigate whether an increase in the viability of distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps could be obtained via surgical delaying. For this purpose, 11 surgically non-delayed distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps in 10 patients (control group) and 12 surgically delayed distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps in 12 patients (study group) were included in this study. The effect of surgical delaying on flap viability and on rates of flap necrosis in distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps was examined. The rates of partial and total flap necrosis and other surgical complications observed in surgically delayed and non-delayed flaps were noted. Among 11 surgically non-delayed flaps (control group) 9 of those showed necrosis (81,8%), 7 were partial and 2 were total. Among 12 surgically delayed flaps (study group), 4 of those showed necrosis (33,3%), 3 were partial and 1 was total. The rates of flap necrosis which were seen in the study and the control groups were statistically assessed by using Fisher's exact test and the difference between the two groups was found to be statistically significant (p<0,02). As a conclusion, the viability of distally pedicled neurocutaneous flaps may be used more safely in lower extremity reconstruction. Surgical detaying should especially be considered in cases that have risk of subclinical or clinically evident cutaneous circulation problems.
Description
Keywords
Norokutanoz flep, Cerrahi geciktirme, Distal pedikiillii sural ve safen flep, Neurocutaneous flap, Surgical delaying, Distally pedicled sural and saphenous flaps
Citation
Özdamar, E. (2004). Cerrahi geciktirmenin (delaying) distal pediküllü nörokutanöz fleplerin yaşayabilirliğine etkisi: Klinik çalışma. Yayınlanmamış tıpta uzmanlık tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi.