Bursa yöresinde yetişen önemli zehirli bitkilerin toksikolojik özellikleri
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Date
1990
Authors
Yılmaz, Orhan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, Bursa yöresindeki ilçe, bucak ve köylerin çevresinde yetişen zehirli bitkilerin belirlen mesi amacıyla 1388-1385 yıllarını kapsayan iki yıllık bir tarama yapıldı» Bitki türleri botaniksel alarak be lirlendi ve yörede yetişen zehirli bitkilerin yayılışını gösteren bir harita hazırlandı. Saha araştırmalarına ek olarak, bazı zehirli bitki örnekleri üzerinde toksikaio jik muayeneler gerçekleştirildi. Saha çalışmasının sanuçlarına göre Datura stramo nium. Hypericum perforatum. Sorghum halepensa. Pepaver rhoeas, Xanthium strumarium ve euphorbia türlerinin yörede yaygın zehirli bitkiler olduğu bulundu. Bursa-Arabayatağı Köyü, Orhaneli-Çöreler Köyü ve Bursa-Görükle Bucağı 'ndan toplanan Datura stramonium numune lerinin yapra klarındaki tuta! alkaloit içeriği, sı rasıyla % D. 246, % D.2D3 ve % 0.210 olarak saptandı- Hycscyemus yapraklarının alkaloit düzeyi Bursa Kayapa Köyünden alınan numunelerde % 0.251 ve İnegöl-Süpürtü Koyundan alınan numunelerde % 0.135 olarak bulundu. Bursa- Fidyekızık Köyünden toplanan Digitalis ferruginea yaprak- larındaki digitoksin miktarı ise % 0.0^06 dır.Bursa-f id yekızık köyünden elde edilen quercus türlerinin palamut ve mazılarındaki total fendik maddeler. Quercus petraeas da % 30 Quercus pubescens!de % 3.375 ve Quercus robur subsp. robur ' da % 3.725 olarak hesaplandı.farelerde- kuru yaprak üzerinden ağız yoluyla LD,-n dozları Da tura stramonium (Bursa-Arabayatağı Köyü) için 280 g/kg,, Hyoscya mus niger ( İnegöl-Süpürtü Köyü) için 363 g/kg. Digitalis ferrugines (Bursa-Fidyekızık Köyü) için 13.575 g/kg; Cionu- ra erecta (Bursa-Vakıf köy ) için 9.825 g/kg ve Helleborus orientalis kökleri ( Yenişenir-Mecidiye Köyü) için 19.133 g/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Helleborua köklerinin aynı yer den alınan örneklerinin farelerdeki deri altı LD50 dozu, 1.108 g/kg vücut ağırlığıdır. Bursa-Karapınar Köyünden toplanan Sapcnaria offi cinalis yapraklarının % 0.1 lik dakoksiyonunun köpürme indisi 166.66 olarak hesaplanmıştır ve aynı numunenin % 1' lik dekoksiyonunun hemolitik indisi ise 400!dür. Üç gün boyunca ağırlıklarının % C. 5 ! i miktarlarda Saponaria offi cinalis yedirilen tavşanlarda hiperkromik anemi ortaya çıkmıştır. Yukarıdaki bulgulara ek olarak Bursa Yöresinde ye tişen Datura stramonium, Hyoscyamus niger. Digitalis farru ginea, Helleborus crientalis, Senecic aquatious subsp. erraticus ve Melilotus offioinaiisin etken maddelari in ce tabaka ve kağıt kromatcgrsf isi ile analiz edildi.
In this research a two years Survey, during 1989-1969, were made for the poisonous piarts in the surroundings of townships, subdistricts and villages of Suraa Region. The pient species were determined boto ( 08 Swete nically, and a map of poisonous plants grown in the region was prepared fond TI U VES indicating the spread of them. In addition to the field investigations, i the toxicciogical examinations were carried out on some poisonous plant 1937 0) ST F specimens. According to the results of the fieid study, Datura stramonium, (0 riypericum perforatum, Sergiu haispense, Papaver rhoeas, Xanthium stre 1 SI arium and euphartia sp. were found to be the widespread poisonous C3 plants in the region. Total alkaloidal contents in the leaves of Datura stramonium specimens collected from Bursa-Arabayatağı Village, Iranzli -Çöreier C :D) ere were 1 Village and Sursa-Gürükie Subdistrict were determined as 0.246 %, 0.203 %, and 0.210 % respectively. The aikaicid levels of Hyoscyamus tw SK leaves were found to be 0.251 % in the specimens from Oursa-kavapa 5 (0 i fe Village and 0. 195 % in the specimens from İnegöl-Süpürtü Village, Digitoxin amount in Digitalis ferruginea izaves coliected from Bursa i Fidyzkızık Village was 0.0406 % Total phenolic substances in the COONS acorns of quercus species octained from Gur32-Fidvekizik village were calculated as 30 % in Quercus petrzea, 9.375 % in Quercus pubescens and 3.725 % in Quercus robur subsp. rcbur. - 3 - The oral LD so doses of dry leaves in mice were determined as were ( FE tout for (77 280 g/kg For Datura stramonium (Bursa-Arabayatağı Village), 363 g/kg for Hyoscyamus niger (İnegöl-Süpürtü Village), 13.575 g/kg for Digi talis ferruginea (Bursa-Fidyekızık Village), 5.825 3/kg for Cionura erecta (Sursa-Vakırköy Village) and 15. 133 g/kg for rects of haile LITS 10 ura pound g 3 torus orientalis (Venişehir-Mecidiye Village). The subcutaneous dase for the same specimens of helleborus roots in mice was 7. 138 g/kg body weight. The saponification index for 0.1% decoction of Saponaria X TOT * 0. i ws D OJ lated as 169.56 and the haemolytic index for 1 % decoction of the same specimen was 400. A hyperchromic anemia appeared in the rabbits fed Saponaria officinalis for three days at the amounts of 0.5 % weights of them, In addition to the above determinations, the active substa ces of Datura stramonium, riyoscyamus niger ,Digitalis ferrugines Helleborus orientalis, Senecio aquaticus subs, erraticus and Meli OTUS *powy ULCUS eru IS 1 f ory *r D] 104) were an D and paper chromatography.
In this research a two years Survey, during 1989-1969, were made for the poisonous piarts in the surroundings of townships, subdistricts and villages of Suraa Region. The pient species were determined boto ( 08 Swete nically, and a map of poisonous plants grown in the region was prepared fond TI U VES indicating the spread of them. In addition to the field investigations, i the toxicciogical examinations were carried out on some poisonous plant 1937 0) ST F specimens. According to the results of the fieid study, Datura stramonium, (0 riypericum perforatum, Sergiu haispense, Papaver rhoeas, Xanthium stre 1 SI arium and euphartia sp. were found to be the widespread poisonous C3 plants in the region. Total alkaloidal contents in the leaves of Datura stramonium specimens collected from Bursa-Arabayatağı Village, Iranzli -Çöreier C :D) ere were 1 Village and Sursa-Gürükie Subdistrict were determined as 0.246 %, 0.203 %, and 0.210 % respectively. The aikaicid levels of Hyoscyamus tw SK leaves were found to be 0.251 % in the specimens from Oursa-kavapa 5 (0 i fe Village and 0. 195 % in the specimens from İnegöl-Süpürtü Village, Digitoxin amount in Digitalis ferruginea izaves coliected from Bursa i Fidyzkızık Village was 0.0406 % Total phenolic substances in the COONS acorns of quercus species octained from Gur32-Fidvekizik village were calculated as 30 % in Quercus petrzea, 9.375 % in Quercus pubescens and 3.725 % in Quercus robur subsp. rcbur. - 3 - The oral LD so doses of dry leaves in mice were determined as were ( FE tout for (77 280 g/kg For Datura stramonium (Bursa-Arabayatağı Village), 363 g/kg for Hyoscyamus niger (İnegöl-Süpürtü Village), 13.575 g/kg for Digi talis ferruginea (Bursa-Fidyekızık Village), 5.825 3/kg for Cionura erecta (Sursa-Vakırköy Village) and 15. 133 g/kg for rects of haile LITS 10 ura pound g 3 torus orientalis (Venişehir-Mecidiye Village). The subcutaneous dase for the same specimens of helleborus roots in mice was 7. 138 g/kg body weight. The saponification index for 0.1% decoction of Saponaria X TOT * 0. i ws D OJ lated as 169.56 and the haemolytic index for 1 % decoction of the same specimen was 400. A hyperchromic anemia appeared in the rabbits fed Saponaria officinalis for three days at the amounts of 0.5 % weights of them, In addition to the above determinations, the active substa ces of Datura stramonium, riyoscyamus niger ,Digitalis ferrugines Helleborus orientalis, Senecio aquaticus subs, erraticus and Meli OTUS *powy ULCUS eru IS 1 f ory *r D] 104) were an D and paper chromatography.
Description
Keywords
Bitkiler-toksik, Toxicology, Plants-toxic, Toksikoloji
Citation
Yılmaz, O. (1990). Bursa yöresinde yetişen önemli zehirli bitkilerin toksikolojik özellikleri.Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.