Kur'ân'da “şehâdet” kavramı
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Date
2018
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kur’ân-ı Kerim’in iskeletini oluşturan başta tevhid akidesi olmak üzere takva, salih amel, salat, hac, zekât, cezâ, hasene-seyyie…gibi amelî kavramlar ile melek, cin, peygamber; kitap, cennet, cehennem, âhiret… gibi îtikâdi kavramlar hem islam kültürü hem de islam ilimleri açısından nasıl büyük bir öneme hâiz iseler, “şehâdet” kavramı da benzer derecede bir ehemmiyete sahiptir. Aslen “hazır bulunmak ve bir şey hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak” manasında olan bu kelime, Kur’ân’da bazen Allah’a şirk koşulan bir yerde veya müşriklerin yanında bulunmamayı, yani batılın karşısında olmayı ifâde ederken; bazen de hakkın yanında olup doğruyu söylemeyi ifâde eder. Ekseriyetle “şehâdet” kavramı denilince akla yalan ve dolandırıcılıktan uzak olumlu ve doğru şeyler gelir (el-Bakara, 2/282; el-En’âm, 6/19; en-nûr, 24/13). Fakat bunun istisnası da mevcuttur, zîra münâfıklar “biz şâhitlik ederiz” (elMünâfıkûn, 63/1) dediklerinde içlerindeki hakikati gizlemektedirler, bu yüzden her “şehâdet” lafzının her zaman bir şeyin gerçek yüzünü gösterdiği söylenemez.
As the practical concepts like piousness, good deed, favour-evil, pray, hajj, alms, punishement-payoff, etc.; and the belief concepts like angel, jinn, prophet, the holy book (Qur’ân), heaven, hell, etc., particularly the belief of Tawhid that underlie the Qur’ân, have much more important in tems of both islamic culture and islamic sciences; the concept of “shahadah” has also aqually important. This concept that means, in fact, “to be present at anywhere and to get information about one thing”, refers sometimes to not to stand by polytheists or in any places where polytheism comes up in the Qur’ân, that is, to stand against supersititious, and sometimes to stand next to the right and tell the truth. Generally, when the concept of shahadah is mentioned in any context, the things being far away from a pack of lie and fiction comes to our mind (al-Baqarah, 2/282; al-An’âm, 6/19, an-Nûr, 24/13). However, there are some exceptions, for instance; as the hypocrites openly said “we testify that you are prophet of Allah”, but in fact they were keeping what they think secret. Thus, we can say that the concept of shahadah doesn’t always mean to real face of something.
As the practical concepts like piousness, good deed, favour-evil, pray, hajj, alms, punishement-payoff, etc.; and the belief concepts like angel, jinn, prophet, the holy book (Qur’ân), heaven, hell, etc., particularly the belief of Tawhid that underlie the Qur’ân, have much more important in tems of both islamic culture and islamic sciences; the concept of “shahadah” has also aqually important. This concept that means, in fact, “to be present at anywhere and to get information about one thing”, refers sometimes to not to stand by polytheists or in any places where polytheism comes up in the Qur’ân, that is, to stand against supersititious, and sometimes to stand next to the right and tell the truth. Generally, when the concept of shahadah is mentioned in any context, the things being far away from a pack of lie and fiction comes to our mind (al-Baqarah, 2/282; al-An’âm, 6/19, an-Nûr, 24/13). However, there are some exceptions, for instance; as the hypocrites openly said “we testify that you are prophet of Allah”, but in fact they were keeping what they think secret. Thus, we can say that the concept of shahadah doesn’t always mean to real face of something.
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Keywords
Şahitlik, Şehitlik, Tanık olmak, Kur’ân, Good deed, Pray, Shahadah, Qur’ân, Hajj
Citation
Halil, H. (2018). "Kur'ân'da “şehâdet” kavramı". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 131-155.