Hıristiyanlık karşıtı yahudi reddiye geleneğinde ironik bir mektup: Al Tehi Ke-Avoteyha (atalarına benzeme)
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Date
2021-12-06
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Orta Çağ Yahudi-Hıristiyan reddiye geleneği açısından hem kendi döne- mindeki hem de kendinden sonraki polemikçilere içerik ve yöntemsel açıdan katkı sağlamış olan Al Tehi Ke-Avoteyha Risalesi konu ve analiz edilmiştir. Profiat Duran’a (ö. 1415) ait bu risalenin aslı, kendisi gibi zorunlu olarak vaftiz edilen, fakat yeni dininde kalmakta ısrarcı olan arkadaşı David Bonet Bonjorn’a yazılmış bir mektuptur. Mektubu, Yahudi-Hıristiyan reddiye geleneğinde özgün kılan ve günümüze ulaşmasını sağlayan saiklerden ilki eserde kullanılan yöntemdir. Duran, Yahudi inançları ile irrasyonel bulduğu Hıristiyan inançları (Teslis, aslî günah-aslî günahtan kurtuluş, enkarnasyon, töz dönüşümü) arasında yaptığı karşılaştırmada bilimsel (fizik) ve felsefî (mantık ve metafizik) argümanları kullanmayı tercih etmiştir. Mektubun ikinci önemli özelliği ise, eserdeki eleştirel tavrın diğer reddiyelerden farklı olarak, gizli alay ve imalar içeren ironik bir üslupla okuyucuya sunulmuş olmasıdır. Duran’ın kişisel tecrübesinden yola çıkılarak hazırladığı bu metin günümüze kadar gelebil- miş ve kendi dönemindeki Yahudi-Hıristiyan ilişkilerine hem dinî hem de sosyal açıdan bir bakış imkânı sağlamıştır.
This study deals with the epistle called Al Tehi Ka-Avotekha, which has contributed in terms of content and method to the polemicists both in his period and after it in the medieval Judeo-Christian polemic tradition. This treatise is originally a letter written by Profiat Duran (d. 1415) to his friend David Bonet Bonjorn, who, like Duran, was forced to be baptized but insisted on staying in his new religion. The method used in the work is the first of the motives that make the letter original (in the Jewish-Christian polemic tradition) and enables it to reach today. Duran preferred to use scientific (physical) and philosophical (logical and metaphysical) arguments in the comparison he made between Jewish beliefs and Christian beliefs (Trinity, original sin-liberation from original sin, incarnation, transubstantiation) that he found irrational. The second important feature of the letter is that, unlike other refutations, the critical attitude in the work is presented to the reader in an ironic style that includes hidden sarcasm and allusions. This text, which Duran prepared based on his personal experiences, has survived to the present day and provided the opportunity to evaluate Judeo-Christian relations from both a religious and social perspective.
This study deals with the epistle called Al Tehi Ka-Avotekha, which has contributed in terms of content and method to the polemicists both in his period and after it in the medieval Judeo-Christian polemic tradition. This treatise is originally a letter written by Profiat Duran (d. 1415) to his friend David Bonet Bonjorn, who, like Duran, was forced to be baptized but insisted on staying in his new religion. The method used in the work is the first of the motives that make the letter original (in the Jewish-Christian polemic tradition) and enables it to reach today. Duran preferred to use scientific (physical) and philosophical (logical and metaphysical) arguments in the comparison he made between Jewish beliefs and Christian beliefs (Trinity, original sin-liberation from original sin, incarnation, transubstantiation) that he found irrational. The second important feature of the letter is that, unlike other refutations, the critical attitude in the work is presented to the reader in an ironic style that includes hidden sarcasm and allusions. This text, which Duran prepared based on his personal experiences, has survived to the present day and provided the opportunity to evaluate Judeo-Christian relations from both a religious and social perspective.
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Keywords
Dinler tarihi, Al Tehi Ke-Avoteyha, Atalarına benzeme, İbranice mektup, Profiat duran, Reddiye, Yahudi-hıristiyan, History of religions, Al Tehi Ka-Avotekha, Be not like fathers, Hebrew letters, Profiat duran, Polemic, Jewish-christian
Citation
Şengül, F. S. (2021). "Hıristiyanlık karşıtı yahudi reddiye geleneğinde ironik bir mektup: Al Tehi Ke-Avoteyha (atalarına benzeme)". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2), 423-441.