Uluslararası Bilim, Teknoloji ve Tasarım Dergisi

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Çeşitli enerjilerde Pb, Cr, Fe, Sb ve Ni metallerinde kozmik müonlar tarafından oluşturulan enerji birikiminin FLUKA simülasyonu
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2023) Furkan; Demir, Nilgün; Tokaç , Furkan; Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü; Fizik Bölümü; 0000-0003-2245-8461; 0000-0002-9708-2764
In this study, the energy depositions caused by cosmic muons with energies of 2, 3 and 4 GeV were investigated using FLUKA simulation program. The energy depositions were examined in Pb, Cr, Fe, Sb, and Ni metals with dimensions of 100x100 cm2, and thicknesses of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 cm. The simulations revealed that cosmic muons of different energy levels have varied impacts on the energy deposition. Furthermore, the effect of the metal type and thickness on the deposited energy values was investigated and it was observed that it increased proportionally depending on the thickness.
Comparative analysis of physical and dyeing properties between organic and traditional cotton fabrics
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-08-06) Eren, Semiha; Özenç, Aliye Akarsu; Atlas, Zeynep; Salih, Cansu İşbilir; EREN, SEMİHA; Özenç, Aliye Akarsu; Salih, Cansu İşbilir
The objective of this study was to enhance our understanding of the physical properties of traditional and organic cotton fabrics by conducting a detailed analysis of their differences. The study focuses on evaluating the structural properties of both fabric types, taking into consideration factors such as durability, pilling, air permeability, and dyeing performance. Through these analyses, significant insights can be gained regarding the disparities in performance between traditional and organic cotton fabrics. The findings of this study underscore the importance of promoting the wider adoption of organic cotton fabrics in order to achieve sustainability objectives within the textile industry. Furthermore, the study aims to empower consumers by providing them with a better understanding of the distinctions between cotton fabrics, enabling them to make more informed choices.
Development of alternative methods for determination of acrylamide and caffeine in coffee samples
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-08-21) Kuruca, Büşra; İzgi, Belgin; Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi; Kimya Bölümü Lisans Öğrencisi; 0000-0002-9177-6992; 0000-0002-1074-3612
Acrylamide which has gained attention in recent years is a composition resulting from the heat treatment process of foods. By the IARC, it is listed in Group 2A as a possible carcinogenic substance for humans. Caffeine is a nitrogenous natural compound of the alkaloid group, which has crucial physiological effects. There are numerous analytical methods within the literature for acrylamide and caffeine determination. These methods are GC-MS, LC-MS, voltammetry, ion chromatography, FTIR, GC-EDC, LC- MS/MS, and GC-IT/MS. Also, organic molecules could be identified via the complexation with metals. It is well known that the Job Method is determining the formation rate of the complex between metals and organic molecules in a certain mixture. In this project, an alternative method was tried to determine the CA and AA amount in coffee samples. First of all, the metal complexes of CA and AA formed with Cu and Co were determined as 1:1 according to Job's Method by UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. After optimum conditions were set, standard solutions and coffee samples were measured at 252.0 nm (for CA) and 272.0 nm (for AA). Based on the data obtained, the amounts of acrylamide and caffeine were determined in commercial coffee samples.
The effects of oe-rotor spinning parameters on yarn properties produced from recycled/virgin cotton fibers blend
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2023-07-04) Okandan, Hüseyin; Yıldırım, Nida; Kertmen, Mehmet; Türksoy, Hüseyin
The environmental load problem of the cotton fiber such as amount of water and pesticides used in the agricultural sector, the main raw material of the textile and apparel industry, obligates the extension of the fiber's life cycle. In order to ensure the sustainability of resources, efficient use of natural supplies and evaluation of recyclable wastes are required. However information lacking is the one of barriers in recycling and processing of cotton. In this study, open-end rotor yarns (OE-Rotor) were spun from the blends of recycled cotton fibers obtained from pre-consumer cotton products (r-CO) and the virgin cotton (C) fibers with 50/50 % ratios. The effects of production parameters (rotor type, navel type and torque type) on yarn properties were examined. According to the results the effect of the production parameters on all measured yarn properties except tenacity values, is statistically significant. It was concluded that %50/50 r-CO/C open-end rotor yarn samples producing by rotor type with narrowest groove, spiral navel type without notch and green torque type without twist stopping effect, led to lower unevenness, hairiness, IPI and higher breaking elongation.
Impact of lactose hydrolysis on physical and sensory properties of reduced sugar ice-cream
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-11) Çakır, Çağım Akbulut; Büdüş, Fatma; Akın, Musa; Palabıçak, Büşra; Yok
It is estimated that about two third of the world population encounters lactase deficiency at different levels. Lactose constitutes about one third of the solid matters in ice-cream and can exert several texture problems due to crystallization. There is a growing trend towards healthy foods with less added sugar and lactose-free products. In this study, we wanted to reduce the added sugar amount in ice-cream by the help of the increase in sweetness after lactose hydrolysis. Icecreams were produced at 4 different sugar content (18%, 16%, 14%, 12%), and 100% hydrolysis of the lactose was ensured. Control group wasn’t treated with β-galactosidase. Ice creams were stored for 60 days and their physical, chemical and sensory properties were examined during this period. Hydrolysis of the lactose improved the sweetness scores of ice-cream samples. Reducing the sugar content down to 14% was possible by lactose hydrolysis, receiving a similar sweetness with 18% control. Lactose hydrolysis increased the viscosity and overrun of ice-cream samples while firmness scores declined. We observed differences in melting trends of enzyme treated samples depending on the sugar content. At 12% sugar content, enzyme treated icecreams resisted longer to the melting than the control. However, as the sugar content increase, enzyme treated samples exhibited faster melt than the control. This study provides an alternative way of sweetening the ice-cream without the use of sweeteners which are not label friendly. Our findings are also important to show how sugar reduction influence several textural attributes of the ice-cream when lactose is completely hydrolysed.
Investigation of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) column performance for detection of microplastics in aquatic environment
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-06-08) Kuruca, Büşra; İzgi, Belgin; Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü; Kimya Bölümü; 0000-0002-9177-6992; 0000-0002-1074-3612
Microplastics have become a problem of the modern era with the increasing use of plastics. However, the effects of microplastics on living beings are not known exactly. As stated in the booklet "Microplastics in Drinking Water" published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019, there is no standard method for the detection of microplastics. Although there are various analysis methods for the determination of microplastics in the literature, some deficiencies are observed. In this study, it is aimed to analyze the microplastics in aquatic environment without using organic solvents, especially in accordance with green chemistry. In this context, Size Exclusion Chromatography was used and the performance of four different Ultra- hydrogel columns suitable for aqueous mobile phases was tested. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) standards with different molecular masses were used during this performance test. As a result of the study, the theoretical plate numbers of Ultra- hydrogel 250 Å, Ultra-hydrogel 500 Å, and Ultra-hydrogel 1000 Å columns were calculated as 256, 713, and 342, respectively, and the regression coefficients (R²) were calculated as >0.97. The theoretical plate number of Ultra- hydrogel 2000 Å column was not calculated because of lower regression coefficient.
Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in some tissues of rats exposed to methyl parathion
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-04-14) Dere, Egemen; Arı, Ferda; El Arfaoui, Aboush; Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi; Biyoloji Bölümü; 0000-0001-9572-1051; 0000-0002-6729-7908; 0000-0002 0057 3832
Insecticides are of great importance in combating insects that damage agricultural products. However, the risks they pose for humans and the environment cannot be ignored. One of these frequently used insecticides is methyl parathion (MP), an organophosphate compound. In this article, the effect of methyl parathion on lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity was investigated. Wistar rats were used in experimental studies. Small intestine, kidney, brain and liver tissues were removed 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 72 hours after methyl parathion was injected intraperitoneally in male and female rats at a dose of 7mg/Kg. Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activities were determined from the supernatants obtained. It is noteworthy that lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly increased in almost all experimental periods in all tissues studied. Small increases in lactate dehydrogenase activity generally do not indicate any harm. However, significant increases can indicate many major conditions such as liver disease, circulatory failure and muscle damage. Our research results and discussion show that methyl parathion can be dangerous to human health.
Obtaining sound transmission loss of inner dash insulator via numerical methods
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-12-27) Ceyhan, Mustafa; Doğru, Tunahan; Sevim, Halim; Öğütgen, Merve Kafiye; Aydın, İbrahim
In-cabin acoustic comfort has an important place in the brand preference of customers today. Automotive main and sub- industry companies plan their research and development investments taking into consideration acoustic comfort. The airborne and structure-borne noise of the engine is reduced by the inner dash insulators and the acoustic comfort in the cabin is improved. As a result of today's changing needs and the ongoing competition between automotive companies, continuous development studies are carried out for insulators. The purpose of this study is to calculate the sound transmission loss of the dashboard insulators in automobiles by numerical means and to evaluate the effect of different materials used on sound transmission loss. For this purpose, to model porous materials used in insulators in finite element acoustic analysis, the parameters of the JCAL Model were obtained by using an impedance tube with a reverse characterization method. Again, the modulus of elasticity and damping ratio of viscoelastic-based materials used in insulators were determined by sound transmission loss measurements and analysis with a reverse engineering approach. With the material parameters obtained, the transmission loss was calculated by performing finite element acoustic analysis of an inner dash insulator. The effect of different material configurations on sound transmission loss was evaluated.
On the diagnosis and analysis of an automotive fuel pump noise
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-08-11) Yağcı, Ayhan; Meriç, Cem; Özkan, Aytekin
This study aims to solve a low-frequency tonal fuel pump noise involving a roller-cell type of fuel pump located inside a metal fuel tank. Firstly, possible noise transmission paths are investigated. Then, the contribution of each component and/or the boundary condition to the fuel pump noise phenomenon is investigated step by step mainly with experimental methods. The effect of the differences in the structural design of the pump, sub-components ve interfaces are tested and analyzed. Finally, the solution alternatives are discussed and the proposed solution is tested and verified through objective NVH tests. It is shown that a 10 dB improvement in noise level can be obtained with the application of the proposed solution.
The physical properties of CZTS absorber layer for solar cell application
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-01-26) Sarsıcı, Serhat; Kaplan, Hüseyin Kaan; Olkun, Ali; Mohammadigharehbagh, Reza; Akay, Sertan Kemal; Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi; Fizik Bölümü; 0000-0003-1288-0431; 0000-0002-4144-5837; 0000-0003-0061-0573; 0000-0002-0333-487X; 0000-0002-7597-1528
In this research, the Kesterite structure CZTS absorber layer was deposited on the glass substrate using a vacuum thermal evaporation technique. The morphological, electrical, structural, and optical properties of the produced films were examined utilizing Atomic Force Microscopy, Hall Effect Measurement system, Raman spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer measurements. The Raman analysis confirms the domination of Kesterite phase CZTS on the glass substrate, while secondary and ternary phases are also detected. According to the optical results, the optical bandgap value was calculated as 1.46 eV. The film's electric resistivity was measured as about 67 and 331 Ω.cm at 1 and 100 nA currents, respectively. The carrier concentration values were similarly calculated at 10¹⁵ cm-³for 1 and 100 nA, respectively. Regarding the surface analysis, the RMS roughness value of the film is measured as approximately 5 nm. The RMS roughness and optical bandgap values illustrate the excellent morphological distribution and optical properties and proved that the used deposition technique is one of the best methods.
Reflections of technological developments on detail in architecture
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024-10-23) Cenikli, Özlem; Erbil, Yasemin; Cenikli, Özlem; ERBİL, YASEMİN
This article aims to examine the potential effects of contemporary technological developments on detail production in architecture. For this purpose, the bibliometric analysis method was utilized. A systematic analysis was conducted by filtering the words 3D printing, computer-aided design software, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality through the Web of Science database. This analysis was performed using keyword, co-authorship, and author citation analysis frameworks in the VOSviewer application. As a result of the research, the concepts of software architecture, machine learning, and augmented reality were found to be prominent. In addition, the impact of contemporary technologies such as artificial intelligence and robotic production on the concept of detail in architecture has attracted attention. The results of the research show that new tools continue to be developed in the detail production process in architecture and the impact of contemporary technologies on the detail production process is increasing. Architecture, details are developed based on specific criteria and design principles. They play a critical role in differentiating materials and guiding design decisions. Details are formed through a combination of experience and elements tailored to their function. As a result, current developments in the fields of design and production also influence the detail production process.
Roles of plant and fungal lectins in cancer diagnosis and treatment: A scoping review
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-03-01) Kasapoğlu, Taner; Dere, Egemen; Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi; Biyoloji Bölümü; 0000-0001-5289-0242; 0000-0001-9572-1051
Lectins are proteins that possess the carbohydrate-binding property that makes the lectins can bind and recognize carbohydrate moieties on cancer cells. Lectins trigger various cell death forms such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis in various cancer cell lines. These abilities of lectins are making the lectins a potential and convenient tool for cancer treatment and diagnosis. According to carbohydrate specificities and affinities, sequence similarities, the number of carbohydrate-binding domains, etc., lectins are classified into many groups. Therefore, the different lectins in each other have distinct affinities in various cancer cell lines. The researches and reviews of the potential use in cancer treatment and diagnosis of plant and fungal lectins have been aimed to document in this review.
Torsional rigidity optimization on tailgate and lift gate of the vehicles
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-06-27) Öz, Halil; Bağrıyanık, Ali Ozan; Ünal, Celal Utku; Öztürk, Özgür
The upward tailgate of the vehicles is connected to the vehicle body with hinges and opened with the help of two dampers placed on the fifth doors. Pulling is applied in the corner areas of the tailgate to close the tailgate. During this process, the tailgate tries to stretch from one side. This stretch amount is should meet the torsional stiffness targets set by automotive companies. Torsional stiffness target values are important because proportional to the life of the door. The most impact on torsional rigidity is the door inner sheet thickness and hinge bracket designs. The designs made according to the gap between outer and inner sheet panel, and according to their sections they can be grouped in three different ways; L Design, Z Design and Bridge Type Design. There are torsional stiffness targets within the norms of the companies. These target values may vary even if the vehicle is commercial and passenger. Therefore, Z design can be used on hinge brackets of some vehicles while L design of five doors of some vehicles is used. In this paper, how to design the hinge bracket, which is the most important part of the fifth doors opening condition and the effects of design changes on torsional stiffness values will be examined comparatively.

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