2022 Cilt 41 Sayı 1

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/28135

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Calpain 1 (CAPN1) gene is known as the micromolar calcium-activated neutral protease gene and it degrades calcium-dependent cysteine protease, μ-calpain, which reduces myofibrillar proteins in postmortem conditions. This gene has important effects on muscle metabolism and development. Although this gene has been widely studied among various cattle breeds, there is limited information on Turkish native cattle. Therefore, the present study aimed at determining the genetic variability of the CAPN1 p.Ala316Gly polymorphism in some Turkish native cattle breeds. In this respect, 99 Turkish Grey Steppe and 41 Anatolian Black bulls were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP. The genotypic and allelic frequencies, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), the population genetic parameters including gene heterozygosity (He), the polymorphism information content (PIC), the effective allele numbers (Ne), the fixation index (Fıs), and the level of possible variability realization (%V) were evaluated in this study. Moreover, biodiversity indexes including the Shannon-Weaver diversity index, Simpson's dominance index, and Gini coefficient were calculated. Results revealed that the GG genotype was remarkably predominant in both native breeds. On the other hand, it was observed that the CC genotype was absent in the total population. This resulted in notably low C allele frequency (0.13 and 0.12 in Turkish Grey Steppe and Anatolian Black, respectively). The Fisher’s exact test showed a deviation from HWE and population genetics parameters indicated remarkably low genetic variabilities in the studied breeds. This observation was supported by the low levels of biodiversity. Taken together, the CAPN1 marker showed low informativeness in Turkish Grey Steppe and Anatolian Black cattle but further analyzes are needed for the genetic characterization of the native cattle breeds in Turkey. Molecular genetic studies on native breeds should be encouraged to reveal broader perspectives regarding significant biological processes and to achieve a better understanding of complex traits such as growth, muscle development, and feed efficiency 1