Clinical effectiveness of nebulised budesonide in the treatment of acute asthma attacks

Abstract

Nebulized budesonide (NB) might offer topical anti-inflammatory activity and be an alternative to systemic corticosteroid (SC) in the treatment of acute asthma. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of NB with SC on lung function and clinical findings of adult patients with acute asthma. Thirty patients admitted to clinic with asthma attack (F/M:26/4; mean age: 47.1 +/- 2.1 years) were enrolled to the study. The patients were randomized into three groups; Group I were treated with NB alone (4 mg/day), Group II SC alone (1 mg/kg/day methylprednisolone), Group III NB plus SC. Pulmonary functions and respiratory symptom scores were measured and recorded before and during 7 days of study. Spirometric parameters significantly improved in all groups at 7th day significantly (p< 0.05) without a difference among groups (p> 0.05). FEV 1 % levels increased significantly at the first day of study in Group I and III (p< 0.05), but didn't change in Group II until 5th day of study. The mean symptom scores decreased significantly at the second day in Group I (p< 0.05), and at the 4th day in other groups. NB with or without SC improved successfully airway obstruction and symptoms in patients hospitalized with acute asthma attack as the 1st treatment day in comparison with SC alone and this effect lasted for 7 days. Regarding the superior safety profile and comparable efficacy with SC, NB might be an alternative to the patients with moderate-severe asthma attacks.