İndeksli Yayınlar / Indexed Publications
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Publication ABO and RhD blood groups and their relationship with diseases: A retrospective study(Professional Medical Publications, 2024-03) Göktaş, Olgun; Göktaş, Olgun; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; EXQ-8413-2022Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups and their relationship with diseases. Methods: The retrospective study was carried out in Bursa Uludag University Family Health Center in Turkey between 1-28 February, 2023. The data of individuals who were registered with the Family Health Center and whose blood types were known were evaluated retrospectively. Blood group type, sociodemographic findings, existing diseases, allergies, and genetic disease conditions were obtained. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Analysis were made in the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: A total of 3834 people, 1935 male (50.5%) and 1899 female (49.5%) participated in the study. The mean age of the individuals was 26.45 +/- 10.45 years. About 75.8 percent of the participants were university students, 6.3 percent were health workers, and 17.9 percent were from other occupational groups. The rates of blood groups were determined as O Rh D+ at 33.5%, AB Rh D+ at 26.9%, A Rh D+ at 14.9%, AB Rh D- at 7.7%, B Rh D+ at 7%, O Rh D- at 4.6%, B Rh D- at 3.2% and A Rh D- at 2.2%. It was determined that the O Rh D- group had a higher rate of genetic disease than the other groups (p=0.01). Conclusion: It was determined that the O Rh D+ blood group was found more frequently in our region's population than in other groups. This different result depending on the A Rh D+ blood group, which is the most common throughout the country may have reflected the influence of different geographical regions and ethnic characteristics due to the students in our population. In addition, the results regarding the relationships between blood groups and occupation, genetics, existing disease, presence of allergies, and visual defects in the eye are important.Publication Assessment of smoking behaviors of 2509 Turkish university students and its correlates: a cross-sectional study(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2011-01-01) Mergen, Halük; Mergen, Berna Erdoğmuş; Tavlı, Vedide; Öngel, Kurtuluş; Tan, Seref; Mergen, Halük; Tan, Seref; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Ölçme Değerlendirme Bölümü; A-1204-2018; GFQ-8990-2022The aim of our study is to determine smoking behavior and its correlates among the faculty of education students. 2509 students, out of 3200, participated in the smoking questionnaire survey in the Faculty of Education of Celal Bayar University, in Manisa, Turkey at the beginning of 2007 educational year. General smoking percentage in school was 45.9%. Regarding daily smoked packet numbers, 186 (16.2%) students smoked less than a packet per day, 330 (28.6%) students between half and one packet, and 636 (55.2%) students more than one packet per day. Monthly familial income found inversely related with smoking (p=0.003). According to Linear Regression Analysis, drinking behavior could be guessed by smoking behavior (r=0.081) so that all of smokers had drunk also. Our study indicates also that the starting age to smoking has decreased to as low as 10 years. In past 10 years while smoking prevalence in western countries decreased, it is increased in developing countries. In a Slovakian study, smoking prevalence was 21.6%, in French 34.6% and in Israeli 24.1%. Therefore, more education on the burdens of smoking must be given to university students.Publication Attitudes to the challenges of life among different occupation groups(TÜBİTAK, 2011-12) Tekin, Oğuz; Şencan, İrfan; Göktaş, Olgun; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; 0000-0003-2008-8700; AAG-5653-2019; 6603078279Aim: To determine the attitudes of some occupation groups towards challenges. Materials and methods: In the present study, data were collected by administering the Fatih-Bursa Scale of Attitude to Challenges (F.B.-SATC) to various occupation groups. The participants were divided into 6 occupation groups: healthcare workers, educators, technical staff (engineers, architects, etc.), self-employed people, security staff (police offices, military staff), and housewives. Data were assessed with a F.B.-SATC scoring system measuring attitudes towards challenges. The scale has 5 factors: Thoughts about Challenges (TAG), Outlook on Life (OL), Problem Solving (PS), Targets and Ideals (AI), and Social State (SS) factors. The tool included 26 questions and is answered by a 5 point Likert-type rating scale. Results: Four hundred and fifty-three individuals (205 male and 248 female) participated in the study. Average factor scores of housewives were lower than the scores of the other groups. High scores were shared by healthcare workers and security staff. In dual comparisons, healthcare workers had the highest score in TAG scores and they were significantly higher than educators and housewives (P = 0.027, P < 0.001, respectively). Their OL scores were significantly higher than educators (P = 0.011), security staff (P = 0.003), technical staff (P = 0.003), and housewives (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The effect of the type of occupation on individuals' attitudes towards challenges varies. Precautions should be taken for some occupation groups; guidance should be provided and social studies should be performed.Publication Changes in the management of type 2 diabetic patients in family medicine practices in the Bursa region(Elsevier, 2017-04) Göktaş, Olgun; Gül, Özen Öz; Ertürk, Erdinç; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıp Fakültesi; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Ana Bilim Dalı; İç Hastalıkları Bölümü; Aile Hekimliği Ana Bilim Dalı; AAJ-6536-2021; AAI-1005-2021; 6603078279; 26040787100; 7005488796Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the treatment and monitoring patterns of type 2 diabetes patients in the Bursa region over the last 5 years since the implementation of family practice in Turkey in 2010. Methods: A total of 216 volunteer family doctors working in family health centers took part in this study. The records of 44,819 diabetic patients who visited these doctors between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 were inspected retrospectively. Apart from the identity of the patients, morphometric data, including the type of medication used for diabetes and the HbA1C, serum creatinine and LDL cholesterol values, were recorded. Results: A total of 38.9% (17,416 patients) of the patients in the study were male and 61.1% (27,403 patients) were female. The average age was 59.7 years with a range of 13.2 years. Although the patients' average body mass index (BMI) did not change over the 5 years monitoring, average blood pressure (BP), and serum creatinine and LDL cholesterol levels decreased significantly. The hemoglobin A1c levels were significantly lower after 2010 compared to the 2010 data. Upon examining the medication prescribed for the patients, we determined that the use of metformin and insulin increased, whereas the prescription of thiazolidinedione (glitazone) decreased. There was a significant increase in the amount of patient data recorded over the last 5 years. Conclusions: Despite the increased level of data entry in these patients with type 2 diabetes, the surveillance of diabetes parameters according to treatment guidelines remains suboptimal. There continues to be a need to engage family practitioners on ongoing education and practice enhancement programs.Publication Comparative validity and reliability study of the QIDS-SR16 in Turkish and American college student samples(Küre İletişim, 2011-12) Bernstein, Ira H.; Tavlı, Vedide; Ongel, Kurtuluş; Tavlı, Talat; Tan, Şeref; Mergen, Haluk; Eğitim Fakültesi; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü; A-1204-2018; 57225930534; 27467601400Comparative validity and reliability study of the QIDS-SR16 in Turkish and American college student samples Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, self-reported version, in a Turkish student sample (QIDS-SR16-T) by comparing it to (a) the American version (QIDS-SR16-US) and (b) the Turkish version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II-T). Materials and Methods: Slightly modified versions of the QIDS-SR16-T, and the BDI-II-T were administered to 626 outpatients at the Uludag University campus-based family health center. The QIDS-SR16-US was administered to 584 respondents at an American university. SAS and MPlus were used to provide descriptive statistics, classical exploratory factor analysis, and item response theory analyses (in the form of a multiple group confirmatory factor analysis). Results: The internal consistency (Cronbach a) of the QIDS-SR16-T was 0.77. Both QIDS-SR16 versions were unidimensional, but the BDI-II-T was not. The mean QIDS-SR16-T and QIDS-SR16-US item-total correlations were similar. The correlation between the QIDS-SR16-T and BDI-II-T was 0.72 (.90 when disattenuated). Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the QIDS-SR16-T and QIDS-SR16-US had the same factor loadings but different intercepts. This reflects group differences in level of depression, perhaps because the Turkish respondents, unlike their US counterparts, were seen in a medical context where illness-related depression is more prevalent. Scores on the QIDS-SR16-T and the BDI-II-T were also equated. Discussion: The QIDS-SR16-T has good psychometric properties and convergent validity with the BDI-II-T. Its use is recommended when a self-reported instrument is appropriate.Publication Factors affecting hypertension in the adult population of the Marmara region, Turkey: A descriptive field study(Hindawi, 2020-12-31) Göktaş, Olgun; Şentürk, Tunay; Ersoy, Canan; Göktaş, Olgun; ŞENTÜRK, TUNAY; ERSOY, CANAN; Aile Hekimliği Birimi; İç Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı; Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3291-5187; 0000-0001-9031-9039; 0000-0003-4510-6282; AAH-8861-2021; JHW-6055-2023; DYK-7009-2022Introduction. Hypertension is an increasingly prevalent global public health problem. Nutritional culture and lifestyle are among the factors related to hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and influential factors of hypertension in the adult population of the Marmara region, Turkey. Methods. The study was conducted in 10 provinces in the Marmara region between June 01, 2018, and November 30, 2018. Participants included 2353 patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with hypertension by any of the 30 family physicians working in the Family Health Centers in these provinces. After the participants provided written consent, a survey consisting of 25 questions was administered by their family physicians. SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, United States) was used for all statistical analysis calculations. Results. The patients included 1449 females (61.6%) and 904 males (38.4%). Among the respondents, 1555 (73.1%) had primary hypertension etiology and 572 (26.9%) had secondary etiology. While 1614 patients (68.6%) did not exercise at all, 739 patients (31.4%) reported exercising; 1026 patients (43.9%) did not restrict salt in their diet; and 1134 patients (48.2%) had a family history of hypertension. Conclusion. Since individual and environmental factors affect the etiology of hypertension, it is recommended that family physicians address these factors first as part of a holistic approach for hypertension prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.Publication General and abdominal obesity prevelances and their relations with metabolic syndrome components(Professional Medical Publications, 2019-07) Göktaş, Olgun; Ersoy, Canan; Ercan, İlker; Can, Fatma Ezgi; Tıp Fakültesi; Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; 0000-0003-3291-5187; AAH-8861-2021; ABF-2367-2020; 6603078279; 6701485882; 6603789069; 56689608500Objective: To evaluate the frequency of obesity and its relation of metabolic syndrome. Methods: The data from the records of the consecutive adult residents of Bursa province in Turkey who were admitted to the family health centers from the 1st January to the 31st December 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. The population size was 2901396 (N) and the sample size was at least n=17729. A total of 17812 participants (10939 females, 6873 males) were included in this retrospective observational study. Sociodemographic characteristics, diseases, used medication and smoking, height, weight, waist and hip circumferences (WaC and HC) were recorded from the files. Results: The mean age of all subjects was 46.1 years, the mean BMI was 28.1 kg/m(2) with a mean WaC of 91.3 cm, HC of 104.7 cm, WHR of 0.87. The prevalence of obesity in Bursa was found to be 32.2% (37.8% in females and 23.3% in males) according to BMI, 63.2% (69.7% in females, 52.9% in males) according to waist and hip circumferences. Conclusions: Preventive measures should be taken by health authorities to prevent the rapid increase in general and abdominal obesity that may lead to serious comorbidities.Publication Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19: Research to develop a measuring instrument(Ediciones Doyma S A, 2022-06-28) Göktaş, Olgun; Ersoy, Canan; Göktaş, Olgun; ERSOY, CANAN; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; İç Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı; AAH-8861-2021; JHW-6055-2023Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of individuals about COVID-19 and to develop a valid and reliable scale that can measure these items about COVID-19 and other similar pandemic processes. Design: Methodological scale study with a quantitative approach. Participants: 415 individuals in the first phase and 367 in the retest phase. Interventions: Carried out between March 1, 2021, and April 30, 2021. Main measurements: Reliability and factor analyses were performed and validity was evaluated. In factor analysis, a scale with 4 factors and 30 questions was obtained. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to the factor scores of the scale. Factors were named AGeneral Culture, B-Mask, Distance and Cleanliness, C-Mental Status, and D-Way of Information. A 3-point Likert-type scoring system was created for the responses. Results: Cronbach???s alpha value was 0.894. In factor modeling, 3 of the confirmatory factor analysis fit indices were good and 4 of them were acceptable, so our model was found to be appropriate. The scale was highly reliable, according to internal and external consistency coefficients. The scale was named the Turkey COVID-19 Attitude Scale. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Conclusions: The valid and reliable Turkey COVID-19 Attitude Scale, which we developed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of individuals about COVID-19, can be used to guide research during COVID-19 and future pandemics. ?? 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Espan??a, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Publication The perception of menopause and hormone therapy among women in Turkey(Taylor & Francis, 2007-02) Uncu, Yeşim; Alper, Züleyha; Özdemir, Halis; Bilgel, Nazan; Uncu, Gürkan; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıp Fakültesi; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-8349-9868; 0000-0002-5225-4403; 0000-0002-5225-4403; 0000-0002-4539-5849; AAB-1694-2021; D-9597-2016; AAP-9210-2020; ABE-2261-2020; 8892370600; 8580079400; 57197077578; 7801564702; 6603716169Objectives To investigate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and menopause perception on self-reported menopause-related symptoms among Turkish women and analyze their knowledge and attitudes towards menopause and hormone therapy. Methods This was a population-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study. A total of 1007 women were recruited while attending primary-care health clinics. Women who agreed to participate in the study gave written informed consent. Each woman completed a questionnaire and had an interview to investigate her current health problems. Results Various different problems were reported by 86% of the women, mainly hot flushes. The women who perceived menopause as a pathological period had more complaints. The level of education influenced a more positive perception of the menopause. Only 12% of women were taking a hormonal treatment. Conclusion Different perceptions of menopause among Turkish women are influenced by many factors, including cultural differences, level of education, regular exercise, social factors, and impact of the media. These need to be considered when studying the frequency and characteristics of menopausal problems.Publication A sample of paediatric residents' loneliness-anxiety-depression-burnout and job satisfaction with probable affecting factors(Pakistan Medical Association, 2015-02) Karaoglu, Nazan; Pekcan, Sevgi; Durduran, Yasemin; Odabasi, Dursun; Ors, Rahmi; Mergen, Haluk; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; 0000-0001-6628-7321; A-1204-2018; 27467601400Objective: To assess levels of anxiety, depression, loneliness, burnout and job satisfaction among paediatric Residents, and how they influence each other. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, and Konya Meram Education and Research Hospital, Turkey from January to June 2011, and comprised paediatric Residents and their counterparts from other departments who formed the control group. While maintaining confidentiality, a questionnaire was used to collect data that had elements of the University of California, Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. SPSS version 13 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Overall there were 74 Residents in the study; 43(58%) working with the paediatrics department, and 31(42%) in the control group. Overall mean age was 27.60+/-2.25 years. Residents who were not satisfied with the city they were living in, with their professional career and who would not choose the same career given a second chance were feeling more lonely and had higher loneliness scores (p<0.05). In contrast, anxiety among female Residents who were unsatisfied with their professional career and working conditions was significantly high (p<0.05). Positive correlation was detected between the burnout levels of Residents and their anxiety, depression and loneliness scores (r=0.74; r=0.65; r=0.36). In terms of intrinsic, extrinsic and total job satisfaction, there was an obvious negative correlation (r=-0.57; r=-0.54; r=-0.61). Conclusion: Working conditions and professional liability were the main factors affecting the Residents. Informed decision and career willingness may help them feel better.Publication Seasonal influenza vaccine awareness and factors affecting vaccination in Turkish society(Professional Medical Publications, 2022-03-01) Can, Fatma Ezgi; Yakar, Burkay; Göktaş, Olgun; ERCAN, İLKER; Akalin, Emin Halis; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-2382-290X; 0000-0001-7530-1279; AAU-8952-2020; JSL-7718-2023Objective: Influenza vaccine reduces the burden of seasonal influenza and related complications. Potential vaccination barriers need to be identified to raise awareness and increase acceptance. We aimed to investigate the rates of seasonal influenza vaccination and the knowledge, opinions, and behaviours prevalent in Turkish society. Methods: The study among seven regions in Turkey was conducted from October-November 2018 in 28 family health centres, using a cross-sectional, descriptive design. The knowledge, opinions, and behaviours of participants regarding the influenza vaccine were obtained by family physicians through face-to-face interviews with participants. Results: A total of 3,492 people aged 10-97 years age range (median: 50 years) were included in the study. Over half of the participants (59.9%, n = 2093) were female. It was found that the percentage of participants who never received the influenza vaccine was 78.4%; only 13.4% were occasionally vaccinated, and 8.1% received regular annual vaccination. Influenza vaccination rates were higher in married people (p < 0.001), women (p = 0.005), patients with chronic lung and cardiovascular disease (p < 0.001), those over 65 years /nursing home residents (p < 0.001). Awareness of the vaccine's benefit was higher in the group at high risk of influenza (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The rate of regular vaccination against influenza every year was insufficient, at 8.1%. Individuals' insensitivity, insufficient knowledge, and attitudes toward influenza vaccination is a serious health problem for Turkish society. Barriers to influenza vaccination can be reduced by good communication between family physicians and their patients.Publication The effect of regular exercise and its duration on metabolic parameters(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2023-11-01) Göktaş, Olgun; Ersoy, Canan; Göktaş, Olgun; ERSOY, CANAN; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Aile Hekimliği Ana Bilim Dalı; AAH-8861-2021; EXQ-8413-2022Regular exercise is crucial for regulating metabolic parameters. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of regular exercise duration on glycaemic and metabolic parameters, insulin resistance, and atherogenic indices in individuals attending a single-family health centre. A total of 403 individuals were divided into three groups based on their exercise status as Group A with no regular exercise, Group B with <150 minutes, and Group C with <= 150 minutes of regular excercise per week. The demographic and clinical data were collected from the subjects' records. The median age in Group A was significantly higher than in Group B and C, the median weight of Group A and B was significantly lower than in Group C, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was significantly higher in Group B than in C. Type 2 diabetes percentage was significantly higher in Group C compared to B. Other glycaemic and metabolic parameters, insulin-resistance, and atherogenic indices were similar among the three groups. The results of this study indicated that subjects with higher weight, lower HDL levels, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus were those doing regular exercise in the advised duration per week.Publication Trends in attitudes of young people about to begin their studies at university: Research to develop a measuring instrument(Duzce Univ, 2017-01-01) Tekin, Oğuz; Arslan, İsmail; Oğulluk, Mustafa; Oğulluk, Zehra Aktürk; Kıbrıslı, Erkan; Göktaş, Olgun; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; 0000-0002-0551-3484Objective: In our study we aimed to develop a scale to evaluate the effective factors in the choice of faculty by students who are about to start university within the scope of the "Wholistic Approach" one of the core competences recommended by WONCA.Methods: In the study 434 students completed a questionnaire. In the pilot study, we evaluated the form we had developed containing 25 attitude statements with a positive and negative direction under certain conditions. Before use, the questionnaire was evaluated for validity of content and scope. In order to investigate the structural validity of the questionnaire, it was then given to students who had gained places in various faculties of Uludag University in Bursa who were asked to mark the items according to their own preferences. The reliability and factor analysis of the scores was calculated using the SPSS statistical programme and the validity was evaluated.Results: After removing the items which reduced the reliability of the questionnaire, the general Cronbach-Alpha value of the remaining 18 items was 0.779 (corrected to 0.811). Upon factor analysis of these items, we obtained a scale containing 5 factors and 18 statements. We named this scale "The Goktas Faculty Orientation Scale." We determined that the factors of the scale were "Expectations of the Faculty", "Aims and Ideals", "Previous Schooling", "Family Status" and "Faculty Choices".Conclusion: As a result, we have developed a scale with high reliability which can be used in a wide range of future research on student orientation and attitudes.Publication Validity and reliability of the QIDS-SR16-Turkish in comparison with BDI-II-Turkish among young outpatient sample of Turkish university students(Türk Nöropsikiyatri Derneği, 2012) Tavlı, Talat; Öngel, Kurtuluş; Mergen, Haluk; Tıp Fakültesi; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; A-1204-2018; 27467601400Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of 16-item self-report version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR16) scale in comparison with BDI-II-Turkish (BDI-II-T) in a young sample of Turkish university students. Methods: A slightly modified version of the QIDS-SR16-Turkish (QIDS-SR16-T) available at www.ids-qids.org, along with the BDI-II-T, was administered to 628 young Turkish university students who attended the Family Health Center in Uludag University Campus between February and April 2010. Descriptive analyses, Student's t-test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and confirmatory factor analyses were used in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 21.1 +/- 2.16 (SD) years; 67.8% were female and 32.2% were male. Cronbach's a coefficient for internal consistency of the QIDS-SR16-T was found to be 0.769. The mean item-total correlation was 0.45, ranging from 0.29 to 0.71. The correlation between the BDI-II-T and QIDS-SR16-T was 0.72. ROC curve analysis suggested 9 as the optimal cut-off for a clinical depression level for the QIDS-SR16-T. Conclusion: We observed that the QIDS-SR16-T demonstrated good psychometric properties in a sample of young Turkish students and has convergent validity with the BDI-II-T, a widely used scale for depression. It is essential to diagnose reliably the major depressive disorder and to follow up the patients by valid screening instruments in primary care setting. The internal consistencies of the QIDS determined in studies from the United States were greater than our Cronbach's alpha coefficient, but there was no statistically significant difference between them (z=0.55, p>0.05). The QIDS-SR16-T can be reliably used in primary care settings.Publication Vitamin D status in the adult population of Bursa-Turkey(Taylor & Francis, 2020-11-02) Can, Fatma Ezgi; Göktaş, Olgun; Ersoy, Canan; Ercan, İlker; Aile Sağlığı Merkezi; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıp Fakültesi; Aile Sağlığı Birimi; İç Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Ana Bilim Dalı; Biyoistatistik Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-2382-290X; AAH-8861-2021; EXQ-8413-2022; 6603078279; 6701485882; 6603789069Background Vitamin D, along with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin, is an important hormone that affects bone and calcium metabolism. Objectives To evaluate the vitamin D status and its seasonal variation in the adult population of Bursa. Methods Since there is not enough information about vitamin D levels, 25 OH vitamin D levels were analysed retrospectively from the records of 11,734 adult subjects (9142 women, 2592 men) admitted to 24 family health centres located in different districts of Bursa between 1 December 2017 and 30 November 2018. Some tests that can affect vitamin D levels, demographic features, and accompanying comorbidities were also evaluated. A face-to-face questionnaire was administered to subjects who were willing to answer (n = 2965). Results The mean serum vitamin D level was 16.6 +/- 11.5 ng/mL in the entire population, 15.8 +/- 11.7 ng/mL in women and 19.5 +/- 9.9 ng/mL in men. The percentage of subjects with a vitamin D level <20 ng/mL was highest in March-May and lowest in the September-November period (80.7% and 69.9% for women, 77.5% and 32.9% for men, respectively). Conclusion Vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL are more prominent in women, and decline in spring, in the adult population of Bursa. These results are meaningful for the population living in Bursa, Turkey and the northern European region.